相关论文: Gauge Invariant Noether's Theorem and The Proton S…
A decomposition of the angular momentum of the classical electromagnetic field into orbital and spin components that is manifestly gauge invariant and general has been obtained. This is done by decomposing the electric field into its…
We consider the construction of gauge theories of gravity, focussing in particular on the extension of local Poincar\'e invariance to include invariance under local changes of scale. We work exclusively in terms of finite transformations,…
A major controversy has arisen in QCD as to how to split the total angular momentum into separate quark and gluon contributions, and as to whether the gluon angular momentum can itself be split, in a gauge invariant way, into a spin and…
We introduce a new model of spin noncommutative space in which noncommutative extension of the coordinate operators are assumed to be chirality dependent. Noncommutative correspondences of classical fields are defined via Weyl ordering, and…
The evolution of a generally covariant theory is under-determined. One hundred years ago such dynamics had never before been considered; its ramifications were perplexing, its future important role for all the fundamental interactions under…
The macroscopic energy-momentum and spin densities of relativistic spin hydrodynamics are obtained from the ensemble average of their respective microscopic definitions (quantum operators). These microscopic definitions suffer from…
The anomalous dimension for the gauge-invariant-canonical decomposition of the energy-momentum tensor for quarks and gluons is studied by the background field method. In particular, the consistency between the background field method and…
Differences between vector potentials in different gauges contain no dynamics in both classical and quantum electrodynamics and chromodynamics. Consequently, once gauge invariance is established, results calculated in non-covariant gauges…
The relativistic treatment of spin is a fundamental subject which has an old history. In various physical contexts it is necessary to separate the relativistic total angular momentum into an orbital and spin contribution. However, such…
By separating the gluon field into physical and pure-gauge components, the usual Poincar\'e subalgebra for an interacting system can be reconciled with gauge-invariance when decomposing the total rotation and translation generators of QCD…
We show a gravitational spin-orbit interaction that can potentially modify the space-time geometry naturally emerges in the framework of Poincar\'e gauge theory. For this purpose, we derive the field equations of a particular model with…
It is shown that Einstein gravity tends to modify the electric and magnetic fields appreciably at distances of the order of the Compton wavelength. At that distance the gravitational field becomes spin dominated rather than mass dominated.…
This paper gives general intrinsic theory of general large $N_{c}$ QCD, SU(3) QCD, SU(2) hadron-dynamics and U(1) QED gauge field theories in general field theory and progress towards solving the nucleon spin crisis, i.e., presents general…
We suggest a method of constructing gauge invariant quark and gluon distributions that describe an abstract QCD observable and apply this method to analyze angular momentum of a hadron. In addition to the known quark and gluon polarized…
Quantum field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. However it is well known that when certain quantities are calculated using perturbation theory the results are not gauge invariant. The non-gauge invariant terms have to be removed in…
We establish a general relation between the canonical energy-momentum tensor of Lagrangian dynamics and the tensor that acts as the source of the gravitational field in Einstein's equations, and we show that there is a discrepancy between…
Viewing gravitational energy-momentum $p_G^\mu$ as equal by observation, but different in essence from inertial energy-momentum $p_I^\mu$ naturally leads to the gauge theory of volume-preserving diffeormorphisms of an inner Minkowski space…
Gravitational wave (GW) observations provide insight into the gravity regime. These observations relies on the comparison of the data to the GWs model, which depends on the orbital evolution of the binary systems. In this paper, we study…
We describe formally the precession of spin vector about the k-space effective magnetic field in condensed matter system with spin orbital effects as constituting a local transformation of the electron wavefunction which necessarily invokes…
Following the recent studies of the trickiness in spin and orbital angular momentum of the vector gauge fields, we perform here a parallel analysis for the tensor gauge field, which has certain relation to gravitation. Similarly to the…