相关论文: Gauge Invariant Noether's Theorem and The Proton S…

In the current theory of non-Abelian gauge field, we only claim the invariability of Lagrangian, without claim the invariability of the motion equation. This is inconsistent and irrational. It is proved that a restriction relation between…

We construct a Lagrangian of Weyl spinors and gauge fields, which is invariant under the action of equivalent local transformations on the spinor algebra representations. A model of vacuum with a nontrivial gauge strength-tensor setting a…

The first order form of a Maxwell theory and U(1) gauge theory in which a gauge invariant mass term appears is analyzed using the Dirac procedure. The form of the gauge transformation which leaves the action invariant is derived from the…

In the full nonlinear cosmological perturbation theory in the leading order of the gradient expansion, all the types of the gauge invariant perturbation variables are defined. The metric junction conditions across the spacelike transition…

The mathematical logic of a true nature of mirror symmetry expresses, in the case of the Dirac Lagrangian, the ideas of the left- and right-handed photons referring to long- and short-lived particles, respectively. Such a difference in…

If we replace the general spacetime group of diffeomorphisms by transformations taking place in the tangent space, general relativity can be interpreted as a gauge theory, and in particular as a gauge theory for the Lorentz group. In this…

We discuss topologically massive QED --- the Abelian gauge theory in which (2+1)-dimensional QED with a Chern-Simons term is minimally coupled to a spinor field. We quantize the theory in covariant gauges, and construct a class of unitary…

The general question, crucial to an understanding of the internal structure of the nucleon, of how to split the total angular momentum of a photon or gluon into spin and orbital contributions is one of the most important and interesting…

It is known that an electric-magnetic duality transformation is a symmetry of the classical source-free Maxwell theory in generic spacetimes. This provides a conserved Noether charge, physically related to the polarization state of the…

The recent gravitational wave observations provide insight into the extreme gravity regime of coalescing binaries, where gravity is strong, dynamical and non-linear. The interpretation of these observations relies on the comparison of the…

A definition of gravitational energy is proposed for any theory described by a diffeomorphism-invariant Lagrangian. The mathematical structure is a Noether- current construction of Wald involving the boundary term in the action, but here it…

By applying properly the concept of twist symmetry to the gauge invariant theories, we arrive at the conclusion that previously proposed in the literature noncommutative gauge theories, with the use of $\star$-product, are the correct ones,…

We discuss the orbital angular momentum of partons inside a longitudinally polarized proton in the recently proposed framework of spin decomposition. The quark orbital angular momentum defined by Ji can be decomposed into the `canonical'…

We provide for the first time a complete parametrization for the matrix elements of the generic asymmetric, non-local and gauge-invariant canonical energy-momentum tensor, generalizing therefore former works on the symmetric, local and…

We study the properties of the energy-momentum tensor of gauge fields coupled to matter in non-commutative (Moyal) space. In general, the non-commutativity affects the usual conservation law of the tensor as well as its transformation…

We introduce a new version of non-linear electrodynamics which is produced by a spontaneous symmetry breaking of Lorentz invariance induced by the non-zero expectation value of the electromagnetic field strength. The symmetry breaking…

It is generally assumed that quantum field theory (QFT) is gauge invariant. However it is well known that non-gauge invariant terms appear in various calculations. This problem was examined in Refs. [3] and [4] and it was shown that at the…

We present a covariant canonical formalism for noncommutative gravity, and in general for noncommutative geometric theories defined via a twisted $\star$-wedge product between forms. Noether theorems are generalized to the noncommutative…

The covariant motion of a classical point particle with magnetic moment in the presence of (external) electromagnetic fields is revisited. We are interested in understanding Lorentz force extension involving point particle magnetic moment…

We develop the principle of nongravitating vacuum energy, which is implemented by changing the measure of integration from $\sqrt{-g}d^{D}x$ to an integration in an internal space of $D$ scalar fields $\phi_{a}$. As a consequence of such a…