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Quantum thermalization is well understood via the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH). The general form of ETH, describing all the relevant correlations of matrix elements, may be derived on the basis of a `typicality' argument of…

统计力学 · 物理学 2023-03-30 Silvia Pappalardi , Laura Foini , Jorge Kurchan

Under unitary time evolution, expectation values of physically reasonable observables often evolve towards the predictions of equilibrium statistical mechanics. The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) states that this is also true…

统计力学 · 物理学 2018-04-19 Fabio Anza , Christian Gogolin , Marcus Huber

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) and the theory of linear response (LRT) are celebrated cornerstones of our understanding of the physics of many-body quantum systems out of equilibrium. While the ETH provides a generic…

统计力学 · 物理学 2019-05-29 Jonas Richter , Jochen Gemmer , Robin Steinigeweg

We study the onset of eigenstate thermalization in the two-dimensional transverse field Ising model (2D-TFIM) in the square lattice. We consider two non-equivalent Hamiltonians: the ferromagnetic 2D-TFIM and the antiferromagnetic 2D-TFIM in…

统计力学 · 物理学 2016-03-14 Rubem Mondaini , Keith R. Fratus , Mark Srednicki , Marcos Rigol

The thermalizing dynamics of many-body systems is often described through the lens of the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH). ETH postulates that the statistical properties of observables, when expressed in the energy eigenbasis,…

统计力学 · 物理学 2026-04-01 Jiaozi Wang , Ruchira Mishra , Tian-Hua Yang , Luca V. Delacrétaz , Silvia Pappalardi

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) has played a key role in recent advances in the high energy and condensed matter communities. It explains how an isolated quantum system in a far-from-equilibrium initial state can evolve to a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-14 Elena Cáceres , Stefan Eccles , Jason Pollack , Sarah Racz

Under the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH), quantum-quenched systems equilibrate towards canonical, thermal ensembles. While at first glance the ETH might seem a very strong hypothesis, we show that it is indeed not only…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-02-03 Giacomo De Palma , Alessio Serafini , Vittorio Giovannetti , Marcus Cramer

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis(ETH) is a standard tool to understand the thermalization properties of an isolated quantum system. Its generalization to higher order correlations of matrix elements of local operators, dubbed the…

统计力学 · 物理学 2025-10-08 Tanay Pathak

We develop a class of matrix models which implement and formalize the `eigenstate thermalization hypothesis' (ETH) and point out that in general these models must contain non-Gaussian corrections, already in order to correctly capture…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2023-01-06 Daniel Louis Jafferis , David K. Kolchmeyer , Baur Mukhametzhanov , Julian Sonner

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) has played a major role in understanding thermodynamic phenomena in closed quantum systems. However, its connection to the timescale of thermalization for open system dynamics has remained…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-03-30 Chi-Fang Chen , Fernando G. S. L. Brandão

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis explains thermalization in isolated quantum systems through the statistical properties of observables in the energy eigenbasis. We investigate the crossover from integrability to chaos in the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-15 Shivam Mishra , C Jisha , Ravi Prakash

To bypass the reliance on local observables in verifying the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), we introduce an observable-independent measure of distinguishability based on the variance of a rescaled local operator. We establish a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-07-28 Zhiqiang Huang

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) provides a fundamental mechanism for emergent statistical mechanics in isolated chaotic quantum systems, asserting that individual energy eigenstates behave as pseudorandom vectors within an…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-27 Ning Sun , Yanting Cheng

Eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is discussed. We point out that the common formulation of the ETH suffers from the mixing of random and deterministic variables. We suggest a modified formulation of the ETH which includes only…

统计力学 · 物理学 2018-11-05 Oleg Inozemcev , Igor Volovich

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) provides a powerful framework for understanding thermalization in isolated quantum many-body systems, yet a complete and conceptually transparent derivation has remained elusive. In this work,…

统计力学 · 物理学 2025-12-23 Yucheng Wang

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) insists that for nonintegrable systems each energy eigenstate accurately gives microcanonical expectation values for a class of observables. As a mechanism for ETH to hold, we show that the…

统计力学 · 物理学 2018-05-15 Takaaki Monnai

This review gives a pedagogical introduction to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), its basis, and its implications to statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. In the first part, ETH is introduced as a natural extension of…

统计力学 · 物理学 2016-08-02 Luca D'Alessio , Yariv Kafri , Anatoli Polkovnikov , Marcos Rigol

Understanding how isolated quantum systems thermalize has recently gathered renewed interest almost 100 years after the first work by von Neumann, thanks to the experimental realizations of such systems. Experimental and numerical pieces of…

统计力学 · 物理学 2019-01-08 Ryusuke Hamazaki

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is one of the cornerstones in our understanding of quantum statistical mechanics. The extent to which ETH holds for nonlocal operators is an open question that we partially address in this…

统计力学 · 物理学 2019-02-27 Ivan M. Khaymovich , Masudul Haque , Paul A. McClarty

Motivated by the qualitative picture of Canonical Typicality, we propose a refined formulation of the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) for chaotic quantum systems. The new formulation, which we refer to as subsystem ETH, is in…

统计力学 · 物理学 2018-04-06 Anatoly Dymarsky , Nima Lashkari , Hong Liu