相关论文: Investigating inequality: a Langevin approach

We give a distribution-dependent concentration inequality for functions of independent variables. The result extends Bernstein's inequality from sums to more general functions, whose variation in any argument does not depend too much on the…

The Langevin noise approach for quantization of macroscopic electromagnetics for three-dimensional, inhomogeneous environments is compared with normal mode quantization. Recent works on the applicability of the method are discussed, and…

Hoeffding's inequality is a fundamental tool widely applied in probability theory, statistics, and machine learning. In this paper, we establish Hoeffding's inequalities specifically tailored for an irreducible and positive recurrent…

We propose a stochastic map model of economic dynamics. In the last decade, an array of observations in economics has been investigated in the econophysics literature, a major example being the universal features of inequality in terms of…

The original motivation for this paper was to provide an efficient quantitative analysis of convex infinite (or semi-infinite) inequality systems whose decision variables run over general infinite-dimensional (resp. finite-dimensional)…

Reducing wealth inequality and increasing utility are critical issues. This study reveals the effects of redistribution and consumption morals on wealth inequality and utility. To this end, we present a novel approach that couples the…

The Jensen inequality is a widely used tool in a multitude of fields, such as for example information theory and machine learning. It can be also used to derive other standard inequalities such as the inequality of arithmetic and geometric…

This paper develops a geometric diagnostic framework for classical inequality decomposability. Representing the simplest nontrivial setting of three-person income distributions as points on the two-dimensional income-share simplex, we…

In economic applications, model averaging has found principal use examining the validity of various theories related to observed heterogeneity in outcomes such as growth, development, and trade.Though often easy to articulate, these…

We investigate quantitative implications of the notion of log-concavity through a probabilistic interpretation. In particular, we derive concentration inequalities, moment and entropy bounds for random variables satisfying a precise degree…

We introduce a minimal agent-based model to qualitatively conceptualize the allocation of limited wealth among more abundant opportunities. We study the interplay of power, satisfaction and frustration in distribution, concentration, and…

We study here relations between three inequality indices, namely the Gini ($g$), Pietra ($p$) and Kolkata ($k$) introduced in 1912, 1915 and 2014 respectively and all are derived from the Lorenz function $L(x)$ introduced in 1905. The…

A canonical algorithm for log-concave sampling is the Langevin Algorithm, aka the Langevin Diffusion run with some discretization stepsize $\eta > 0$. This discretization leads the Langevin Algorithm to have a stationary distribution…

Diffusion models are widely used as priors in imaging inverse problems. However, their performance often degrades under distribution shifts between the training and test-time images. Existing methods for identifying and quantifying…

Pairwise comparisons are an important tool of modern (multiple criteria) decision making. Since human judgments are often inconsistent, many studies focused on the ways how to express and measure this inconsistency, and several…

In this paper, we introduce a new approach for integrating score-based models with the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. While traditional score-based diffusion models excel in accurately learning the score function from data points, they lack…

This work studies the impact of economic inequality on the evolution of intolerance through a reputation-based model of indirect reciprocity. Results show that economic inequality is a powerful enhancer of intolerance, inducing the…

Log-concave distributions include some important distributions such as normal distribution, exponential distribution and so on. In this note, we show inequalities between two Lp-norms for log-concave distributions on the Euclidean space.…

In economic research inequality measures based on ratios of quantiles are frequently applied to the analysis of income distributions. In the paper, we construct a confidence interval for such measures under the Dagum distribution which has…

The Gini index is a popular inequality measure with many applications in social and economic studies. This paper studies semiparametric inference on the Gini indices of two semicontinuous populations. We characterize the distribution of…