相关论文: Investigating inequality: a Langevin approach

We propose a new approach for deriving probabilistic inequalities based on bounding likelihood ratios. We demonstrate that this approach is more general and powerful than the classical method frequently used for deriving concentration…

Sampling from distributions play a crucial role in aiding practitioners with statistical inference. However, in numerous situations, obtaining exact samples from complex distributions is infeasible. Consequently, researchers often turn to…

Contextuality means non-existence of a joint distribution for random variables recorded under mutually incompatible conditions, subject to certain constraints imposed on how the identity of these variables may change across these…

Social and economic inequality is a plague of the XXI Century. It is continuously widening, as the wealth of a relatively small group increases and, therefore, the rest of the world shares a shrinking fraction of resources. This situation…

A country's mix of products predicts its subsequent pattern of diversification and economic growth. But does this product mix also predict income inequality? Here we combine methods from econometrics, network science, and economic…

Although quality indicators play a crucial role in benchmarking evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithms, their properties are still unclear. One promising approach for understanding quality indicators is the use of the optimal…

We propose a new family of inequality indices that bridges the Hoover index and the Gini coefficient. The measure is defined as the normalized expected absolute value of a convex combination of deviations from the mean and pairwise…

We consider the problem of generating rankings that are fair towards both users and item producers in recommender systems. We address both usual recommendation (e.g., of music or movies) and reciprocal recommendation (e.g., dating).…

We introduce some new indexes to measure the departure of any multivariate continuous distribution on non-negative orthant from a given reference one such the uncorrelated exponential model, similar to the relative Fisher dispersion indexes…

PageRank is a widely used algorithm for ranking webpages and plays a significant role in determining web traffic. This study employs the Gini coefficient, a measure of income/wealth inequality, to assess the inequality in PageRank…

The martingale method is used to establish concentration inequalities for a class of dependent random sequences on a countable state space, with the constants in the inequalities expressed in terms of certain mixing coefficients. Along the…

Langevin Monte Carlo (LMC) and its stochastic gradient versions are powerful algorithms for sampling from complex high-dimensional distributions. To sample from a distribution with density $\pi(\theta)\propto \exp(-U(\theta)) $, LMC…

We study unit-level expenditure on consumption across multiple countries and multiple years, in order to extract invariant features of consumption distribution. We show that the bulk of it is lognormally distributed, followed by a power law…

Grouped data in form of income shares have been conventionally used to estimate income inequality due to the lack of availability of individual records. Most prior research on economic inequality relies on lower bounds of inequality…

We investigate how basic probability inequalities can be extended to an imprecise framework, where (precise) probabilities and expectations are replaced by imprecise probabilities and lower/upper previsions. We focus on inequalities giving…

Quantum tomography involves obtaining a full classical description of a prepared quantum state from experimental results. We propose a Langevin sampler for quantum tomography, that relies on a new formulation of Bayesian quantum tomography…

This paper proposes a new Bayesian approach to estimate the Gini coefficient from the Lorenz curve based on grouped data. The proposed approach assumes a hypothetical income distribution and estimates the parameter by directly working on…

Comparing alternatives in pairs is a very well known technique of ranking creation. The answer to how reliable and trustworthy ranking is depends on the inconsistency of the data from which it was created. There are many indices used for…

Lorenz values and the Gini index are popular quantities in Mathematical Economics, and are used here in the context of quantum systems with finite-dimensional Hilbert space. They quantify the uncertainty in the probability distribution…

Across income groups and countries, individual citizens perceive economic inequality spectacularly wrong. These misperceptions have far-reaching consequences, as it is perceived inequality, not actualinequality informing redistributive…