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Let $G$ be a connected undirected graph.~A vertex coloring $f$ of $G$ is an $N_i$-vertex coloring if for each vertex $x$ in $G$, the number of different colors assigned to $N_G(x)$ is at most $i$.~The $N_i$-chromatic number of $G$, denoted…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-08-22 Yangfan Yu , Yuefang Sun

Colouring the vertices of a graph $G$ according to certain conditions can be considered as a random experiment and a discrete random variable $X$ can be defined as the number of vertices having a particular colour in the proper colouring of…

综合数学 · 数学 2017-06-09 N. K. Sudev , S. Satheesh , K. P. Chithra , Johan Kok

We show a method how to convert any graph into the binary number and vice versa. We derive upper bound for maximum number of graphs, that, have fixed number of vertices and can be colored with n colors (n is any given number). Proof for the…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 Kamil Kulesza , Zbigniew Kotulski

For a graph $G$ of order $n$ a maximal edge coloring is a proper edge coloring with $\chi'(K_n)$ colors such that adding any edge to $G$ in any color makes it improper. Meszka and Tyniec proved that for some values of the number of edges…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-12-23 Sebastian Babiński , Andrzej Grzesik

The {\em acyclic chromatic number} of a graph is the least number of colors needed to properly color its vertices so that none of its cycles has only two colors. The {\em acyclic chromatic index} is the analogous graph parameter for edge…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-10-15 Lefteris Kirousis , John Livieratos

We study weighted edge coloring of graphs, where we are given an undirected edge-weighted general multi-graph $G := (V, E)$ with weights $w : E \rightarrow [0, 1]$. The goal is to find a proper weighted coloring of the edges with as few…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2021-01-01 Debarsho Sannyasi

One method to obtain a proper vertex coloring of graphs using a reasonable number of colors is to start from any arbitrary proper coloring and then repeat some local re-coloring techniques to reduce the number of color classes. The Grundy…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2024-03-05 Manouchehr Zaker

We classify the trees on $n$ vertices with the maximum and the minimum number of certain generalized colorings, including conflict-free, odd, non-monochromatic, star, and star rainbow vertex colorings. We also extend a result of Cutler and…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-12-19 John Engbers , Christopher Stocker

Let $G$ be a graph and c a proper k-coloring of G, i.e. any two adjacent vertices u and v have different colors c(u) and c(v). A proper k-coloring is a b-coloring if there exists a vertex in every color class that contains all the colors in…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-11-23 Magda Dettlaff , Hanna Furmańczyk , Iztok Peterin , Riana Roux , Radosław Ziemann

Let $H$ be a triple system with maximum degree $d>1$ and let $r>10^7\sqrt{d}\log^{2}d$. Then $H$ has a proper vertex coloring with $r$ colors such that any two color classes differ in size by at most one. The bound on $r$ is sharp in order…

组合数学 · 数学 2010-05-25 Hal Kierstead , Dhruv Mubayi

A dynamic coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper coloring such that for every vertex $v\in V(G)$ of degree at least 2, the neighbors of $v$ receive at least 2 colors. In this paper we present some upper bounds for the dynamic chromatic number…

组合数学 · 数学 2009-08-19 Meysam Alishahi

We consider the problem of sampling a proper $k$-coloring of a graph of maximal degree $\Delta$ uniformly at random. We describe a new Markov chain for sampling colorings, and show that it mixes rapidly on graphs of bounded treewidth if…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2017-08-10 Shai Vardi

Inspired by the majority colorings and C-colorings, we introduce and study the majority C-coloring of graphs. In such a vertex coloring, every vertex shares its color with at least half of its neighbors. The maximum number of colors that…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-04-23 Csilla Bujtas , Magda Dettlaff , Hanna Furmanczyk , Aleksandra Laskowska

In this paper, we study unique colourings in random graphs as a generalization of both conflict-free and injective colourings. Specifically, we impose the condition that a fraction of vertices in the neighbourhood of any vertex are assigned…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-11-21 Ghurumuruhan Ganesan

We study a variation of the graph colouring problem on random graphs of finite average connectivity. Given the number of colours, we aim to maximise the number of different colours at neighbouring vertices (i.e. one edge distance) of any…

统计力学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 S. Bounkong , J. van Mourik , D. Saad

In this paper, we study orthogonal colourings of random geometric graphs. Two colourings of a graph are orthogonal if they have the property that when two vertices receive the same colour in one colouring, then those vertices receive…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-03-16 Jeannette Janssen , Kyle MacKeigan

We generalize the notion of orthogonal latin squares to colorings of simple graphs. Two $n$-colorings of a graph are said to be \emph{orthogonal} if whenever two vertices share a color in one coloring they have distinct colors in the other…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-12-03 Serge C. Ballif

The acyclic chromatic number of a graph is the least number of colors needed to properly color its vertices so that none of its cycles has only two colors. We show that for all $\alpha>2^{-1/3}$ there exists an integer $\Delta_{\alpha}$…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-05-24 Lefteris Kirousis , John Livieratos

Vizing's theorem states that any graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ can be properly edge colored with at most $\Delta+1$ colors. In the online setting, it has been a matter of interest to find an algorithm that can properly edge color any…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Aditi Dudeja , Rashmika Goswami , Michael Saks

Graph colorings is a fundamental topic in graph theory that require an assignment of labels (or colors) to vertices or edges subject to various constraints. We focus on the harmonious coloring of a graph, which is a proper vertex coloring…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2021-06-02 Ruxandra Marinescu-Ghemeci , Camelia Obreja , Alexandru Popa