相关论文: Axiomatics for the external numbers of nonstandard…
We assume that every element of a matrix has a small, individual error, and model it by an external number, which is the sum of a nonstandard real number and a neutrix, the latter being a convex (external) set having the group property. The…
Axiomatizing mathematical structures and theories is an objective of Mathematical Logic. Some axiomatic systems are nowadays mere definitions, such as the axioms of Group Theory; but some systems are much deeper, such as the axioms of…
The consideration of nonstandard models of the real numbers and the definition of a qualitative ordering on those models provides a generalization of the principle of maximization of expected utility. It enables the decider to assign…
We apply methods of nonstandard mathematics in order to regard analytic geometry in a very different way. For example, complex spaces are seen to be the "standard part" of certain algebraic nonstandard schemes. We construct a category of…
We describe the Dedekind cuts explicitly in terms of non-standard rational numbers. This leads to another construction of a Dedekind complete totally ordered field or, equivalently, to another proof of the consistency of the axioms of the…
In this note, we address the following question: Why certain nonassociative algebra structures emerge in the regularity theory of elliptic type PDEs and also in constructing nonclassical and singular solutions? The aim of the paper is…
Motivated by intuitive properties of physical quantities, the notion of a non-anomalous semigroup is formulated. These are totally ordered semigroups where there are no `infinitesimally close' elements. The real numbers are then defined as…
In this note, we study non-standard models of the rational numbers with countably many elements. These are ordered fields, and so it makes sense to complete them, using non-standard Cauchy sequences. The main result of this note shows that…
We construct the non-standard complex (and real) numbers using the ultrapower method in the spirit of Cauchy's construction of the real numbers. We show that the non-standard complex numbers are a non-archimedean, algebraically closed…
We associate to every algebraic number field a hyperbolic surface lamination and an external fundamental group: the latter a generalization of the fundamental germ that necessarily contains external (not first order definable) elements. The…
The main goal of this project is to prove the equivalency of several characterizations of completeness of Archimedean ordered fields; some of which appear in most modern literature as theorems following from the Dedekind completeness of the…
Analysing several characteristic mathematical models: natural and real numbers, Euclidean geometry, group theory, and set theory, I argue that a mathematical model in its final form is a junction of a set of axioms and an internal partial…
Some aspects of the development of physics and the mathematics set one think about relation between complex numbers and reality around us. If number to spot as the relation of two quantities, from the fact of existence of complex numbers…
The multiplicative theory of a set of numbers (which could be natural, integer, rational, real or complex numbers) is the first-order theory of the structure of that set with (solely) the multiplication operation (that set is taken to be…
In the setting of nonstandard analysis we introduce the notion of flexible sequence. The terms of flexible sequences are external numbers. These are a sort of analogue for the classical \emph{O$ (\cdot ) $} and \emph{o$ (\cdot ) $} notation…
We present a sufficient condition for irreducibility of forcing algebras and study the (non)-reducedness phenomenon. Furthermore, we prove a criterion for normality for forcing algebras over a polynomial base ring with coefficients in a…
It is shown how Dedekind cuts can be used to introduce the extended real numbers along with sound arithmetic laws via one simple rule for the addition of sets. The crucial idea is that the use of the lower and the upper part of the cuts,…
The Standard Model of particle physics can be deduced from a small number of axioms within Connes' noncommutative geometry (NCG). Boyle and Farnsworth [New J. Phys. 16 (2014) 123027] proposed to interpret Connes' approach as an algebra…
An alternative mathematics based on qualitative plurality of finiteness is developed to make non-standard mathematics independent of infinite set theory. The vague concept "accessibility" is used coherently within finite set theory whose…
A notion of arithmetic similarity between number fields is defined by requiring equality of some arithmetic statistics over all but finitely many rational primes. The exceptional set is empty in all previously studied cases, but existing…