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A \emph{Fibonacci cordial labeling} of a graph \( G \) is an injective function \( f: V(G) \rightarrow \{F_0, F_1, \dots, F_n\} \), where \( F_i \) denotes the \( i^{\text{th}} \) Fibonacci number, such that the induced edge labeling \(…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-09-03 Sarbari Mitra , Soumya Bhoumik

We consider undirected simple finite graphs. The sets of vertices and edges of a graph $G$ are denoted by $V(G)$ and $E(G)$, respectively. For a graph $G$, we denote by $\delta(G)$ and $\eta(G)$ the least degree of a vertex of $G$ and the…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-07-05 N. N. Davtyan , R. R. Kamalian

A graph $G$ is defined encapsulating the number theoretic notion of the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic. We then provide a graph theoretic approach to the fundamental results on the coprimality of two natural numbers, through the use of…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-11-20 Xandru Mifsud

Models of complex networks are generally defined as graph stochastic processes in which edges and vertices are added or deleted over time to simulate the evolution of networks. Here, we define a unifying framework - probabilistic inductive…

动力系统 · 数学 2010-11-10 Nataša Kejžar , Zoran Nikoloski , Vladimir Batagelj

A vertex $v$ is called an AR-vertex, if $v$ has distinct edge weight sums for each distinct subset of edges incident on $v$. i.e., if $\{x_1,x_2,\dots,x_k\}$ are the edge labels of the edges incident on $v$, then the $2^k$ subset sums are…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-02-18 Arun J Manattu , Aparna Lakshmanan S

A graph is called an integral graph when all eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix are integers. We study which Cayley graphs over a nonabelian group $$ T_{8n}=\left\langle a,b\mid a^{2n}=b^8=e,a^n=b^4,b^{-1}ab=a^{-1} \right \rangle $$ are…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-08-15 Bei Ye , Xiaogang Liu

Euler function $\phi(n)$ is the number of positive integers less than $n$ and relatively prime to $n$. Suppose that $\phi^1(n)=\phi(n)$ and $\phi^i(n)=\phi(\phi^{i-1}(n))$. Let $A\subseteq \mathbb{N}$, and $A_{\phi}=\{ \phi^k(n)| n\in A ,…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-12-24 Nima Ghanbari , Saeid Alikhani

We use Nathanson's $g$-adic representation of integers to relate metric properties of Cayley graphs of the integers with respect to various infinite generating sets $S$ to problems in additive number theory. If $S$ consists of all powers of…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2019-01-21 Greg Bell , Austin Lawson , Neil Pritchard , Dan Yasaki

Iterated function systems (IFS) can be a surprisingly useful tool for studying structure in data. Here we present results stemming from a 2013 computational study by the author using IFS. The results include fractal patterns that reveal…

数论 · 数学 2017-01-04 Harlan J. Brothers

An independent set in a graph G is a set of vertices no two of which are joined by an edge. A vertex-weighted graph associates a weight with every vertex in the graph. A vertex-weighted graph G is called a unique independence…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2009-07-02 Farzad Didehvar , Ali D. Mehrabi , Fatemeh Raee B

An injective $k$-edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is a mapping $\phi$: $E(G)\rightarrow\{1,2,...,k\}$, such that $\phi(e)\ne\phi(e')$ if edges $e$ and $e'$ are at distance two, or are in a triangle. The smallest integer $k$ such that $G$ has an…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-09-12 Danjun Huang , Yuqian Guo

A simple and connected $n$-vertex graph has a prime vertex labeling if the vertices can be injectively labeled with the integers $1, 2, 3,\ldots, n$, such that adjacent vertices have relatively prime labels. We will present previously…

A finite, simple and undirected graph $G = (V, E)$ with $p$ vertices and $q$ edges is said to be a $k$-geometric mean graph for a positive integer $k$ if there is an injection $\psi :V(G)\to \{k,k+1,\dots,k+q\}$ such that, when each edge…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-02-05 Penying Rochanakul

Suppose G is an n-vertex simple graph with vertex set {v1,..., vn} and d(i), i = 1,..., n, is the degree of vertex vi in G. The ISI matrix S(G) = [sij] of G is a square matrix of order n and is defined by sij = d(i)d(j)/d(i)+d(j) if the…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-05-13 Sumaira Hafeez , Rashid Farooq

In this paper we study some additive properties of subsets of the set $\nats$ of positive integers: A subset $A$ of $\nats$ is called {\it $k$-summable} (where $k\in\ben$) if $A$ contains $\textstyle \big{\sum_{n\in F}x_n | \emp\neq…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-03-05 Michelangelo Bucci , Neil Hindman , Svetlana Puzynina , Luca Q. Zamboni

For every positive integer h, the representation function of order h associated to a subset A of the integers or, more generally, of any group or semigroup X, counts the number of ways an element of X can be written as the sum (or product,…

数论 · 数学 2020-04-22 Melvyn B. Nathanson

We first introduce the arithmetic subderivative of a positive integer with respect to a non-empty set of primes. This notion generalizes the concepts of the arithmetic derivative and arithmetic partial derivative. More generally, we then…

数论 · 数学 2019-01-09 Jorma K. Merikoski , Pentti Haukkanen , Timo Tossavainen

The Additive Transform of an arithmetic function represents a novel approach to examining the interplay between multiplicative arithmetic function and additive functions. This transform concept introduces a method to systematically generate…

综合数学 · 数学 2023-12-15 E. En-naoui

Let us call a simple graph on $n\geq 2$ vertices a prime gap graph if its vertex degrees are $1$ and the first $n-1$ prime gaps. We show that such a graph exists for every large $n$, and in fact for every $n\geq 2$ if we assume the Riemann…

Let $\eta$ be a fixed positive integer. Let $S$ be a subset of $\mathbb{Z}$, $\star:S\times S\to \mathbb{Z}$ be a binary function, and $\zeta_{\eta}:\{\xi\in \mathbb{Z}:\gcd(\xi,\eta)=1\}\to \{0,1\}$ be a function. For a simple connected…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-05-04 Jason D. Andoyo , Jemina Clarisse C. Prudencio , Ricky F. Rulete