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In this paper, we present a characterization of optimal entanglement witnesses in terms of positive maps and then provide a general method of checking optimality of entanglement witnesses. Applying it, we obtain new indecomposable optimal…
We address the problem of optimising entanglement witnesses when a limited fixed set of local measurements can be performed on a bipartite system, thus providing a procedure, feasible also for experiments, to detect entangled states using…
One of the unsolved problems in the characterization of the optimal entanglement witnesses is the existence of optimal witnesses acting on bipartite Hilbert spaces H_{m,n}=C^m\otimes C^n such that the product vectors obeying <e,f|W|e,f>=0…
Entanglement witnesses (EWs) constitute one of the most important entanglement detectors in quantum systems. Nevertheless, their complete characterization, in particular with respect to the notion of optimality, is still missing, even in…
We study extremal entanglement witnesses on a bipartite quantum system. We define the cone of witnesses as the dual of the set of separable density matrices, thus $\textrm{Tr}\,\Omega\rho\geq 0$ when $\Omega$ is a witness and $\rho$ a pure…
An entanglement witness (EW) is an operator that allows to detect entangled states. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for such operators to be optimal, i.e. to detect entangled states in an optimal way. We show how to optimize…
We study the optimal entanglement witness with respect to multiqubits W-states. We show such entanglement witnesses can be used to distinguish genuine entangled states, different biseparable states and fully separable states.
We introduce informationally complete measurements whose outcomes are entanglement witnesses and so answer the question of how many witnesses need to be measured to decide whether an arbitrary state is entangled or not: as many as the…
The separability problem is formulated in terms of a characterization of a single entanglement witness. More specifically, we show that any (in general multipartite) state \varrho is separable if and only if a specially constructed…
An entanglement witness is an observable with the property that a negative expectation value signals the presence of entanglement. The question arises how a witness can be improved if the expectation value of a second observable is known,…
This paper is concerned with all tests for continuous-variable entanglement that arise from linear combinations of second moments or variances of canonical coordinates, as they are commonly used in experiments to detect entanglement. All…
We interpret multi-partite genuine entanglement witnesses as simultaneous positivity of various maps arising from them. We apply this result to multi-qubit {\sf X}-shaped Hermitian matrices, and characterize the conditions for them to be…
We examine various notions related with the optimality for entanglement witnesses arising from Choi type positive linear maps. We found examples of optimal entanglement witnesses which are non-decomposable, but which are not…
It is well known that the support of an optimal decomposable entanglement witness is completely entangled. We add two more necessary conditions for the optimality: The orthogonal complement of the support must have a nonzero product vector;…
A general formulation of the problem of detection for a pair of two cones is presented. The special case is the detection of entangled states by entanglement witnesses. Having defined what means "to detect", one can identify the subset of…
An entanglement witness (EW) is a Hermitian operator that can distinguish an entangled state from all separable states. We drive and implement a numerical method based on machine learning to create a multipartite EW. Using support vector…
If one wants to establish optimality of a given bipartite entanglement witness, the current standard approach is to check whether it has the spanning property. Although this is not necessary for optimality, it is most often satisfied in…
Entanglement witnesses are observables which when measured, detect entanglement in a measured composed system. It is shown what kind of relations between eigenvectors of an observable should be fulfilled, to allow an observable to be an…
From the physical point of view entanglement witnesses define a universal tool for analysis and classification of quantum entangled states. From the mathematical point of view they provide highly nontrivial generalization of positive…
We introduce a new entanglement measure based on optimal entanglement witness. First of all, we show that the entanglement measure satisfies some necessary properties, including zero entanglements for all separable states, convexity,…