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We consider the complexity of problems related to the combinatorial game Free-Flood-It, in which players aim to make a coloured graph monochromatic with the minimum possible number of flooding operations. Although computing the minimum…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2015-03-18 Kitty Meeks , Alexander Scott

The problem of determining the number of "flooding operations" required to make a given coloured graph monochromatic in the one-player combinatorial game Flood-It has been studied extensively from an algorithmic point of view, but basic…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-06-22 Kitty Meeks , Dominik K. Vu

We study the complexity of the popular one player combinatorial game known as Flood-It. In this game the player is given an n by n board of tiles where each tile is allocated one of c colours. The goal is to make the colours of all tiles…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2011-06-10 Raphael Clifford , Markus Jalsenius , Ashley Montanaro , Benjamin Sach

We consider the complexity of problems related to the combinatorial game Free-Flood-It, in which players aim to make a coloured graph monochromatic with the minimum possible number of flooding operations. Our main result is that computing…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2015-03-18 Kitty Meeks , Alexander Scott

We study a discrete diffusion process introduced in some combinatorial games called FLOODIT and MADVIRUS that can be played online and whose computational complexity has been recently studied by Arthur et al (FUN'2010). The flooding…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2010-08-19 Aurelie Lagoutte

Inspired by the eponymous hobby, we introduce Miniature Painting as the computational problem to paint a given graph $G=(V,E)$ according to a prescribed template $t \colon V \rightarrow C$, which assigns colors $C$ to the vertices of $G$.…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Christian Rosenke , Mark Scheibner

Fixed-Flood-It and Free-Flood-It are combinatorial problems on graphs that generalize a very popular puzzle called Flood-It. Both problems consist of recoloring moves whose goal is to produce a monochromatic ("flooded") graph as quickly as…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2018-04-24 Rémy Belmonte , Mehdi Khosravian Ghadikolaei , Masashi Kiyomi , Michael Lampis , Yota Otachi

The flood polynomial of a simple finite graph is a weight generating function that counts all flooding cascade sets of the graph. The flood polynomial is inspired by the water mechanics in the video game Minecraft. We give necessary…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-04-08 Karin R. Saoub , Michael Weselcouch , Trey Wilhoit , Jackson Wills

We study the crossing-minimization problem in a layered graph drawing of planar-embedded rooted trees whose leaves have a given total order on the first layer, which adheres to the embedding of each individual tree. The task is then to…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2024-02-29 Julia Katheder , Stephen G. Kobourov , Axel Kuckuk , Maximilian Pfister , Johannes Zink

The flooding games, which are called Flood-It, Mad Virus, or HoneyBee, are a kind of coloring games and they have been becoming popular online. In these games, each player colors one specified cell in his/her turn, and all connected…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2013-01-28 Hiroyuki Fukui , Yota Otachi , Ryuhei Uehara , Takeaki Uno , Yushi Uno

We present new lower bounds that show that a polynomial number of passes are necessary for solving some fundamental graph problems in the streaming model of computation. For instance, we show that any streaming algorithm that finds a…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2019-04-10 Sepehr Assadi , Yu Chen , Sanjeev Khanna

Solitaire {\sc Flood-it}, or {\sc Honey-Bee}, is a game played on a colored graph. The player resides in a source vertex. Originally his territory is the maximal connected, monochromatic subgraph that contains the source. A move consists of…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2015-11-06 Wing-Kai Hon , Ton Kloks , Fu-Hong Liu , Hsiang-Hsuan Liu , Hung-Lung Wang

In the Properly Colored Spanning Tree problem, we are given an edge-colored undirected graph and the goal is to find a properly colored spanning tree, i.e., a spanning tree in which any two adjacent edges have distinct colors. The problem…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2024-02-02 Yuhang Bai , Kristóf Bérczi , Gergely Csáji , Tamás Schwarcz

In the Properly Colored Spanning Tree problem, we are given an edge-colored undirected graph and the goal is to find a spanning tree in which any two adjacent edges have distinct colors. Since finding such a tree is NP-hard in general,…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Yuhang Bai , Kristóf Bérczi

Let $R$ and $B$ be two disjoint sets of points in the plane where the points of $R$ are colored red and the points of $B$ are colored blue, and let $n=|R\cup B|$. A bichromatic spanning tree is a spanning tree in the complete bipartite…

计算几何 · 计算机科学 2016-11-08 Ahmad Biniaz , Prosenjit Bose , David Eppstein , Anil Maheshwari , Pat Morin , Michiel Smid

Color-constrained subgraph problems are those where we are given an edge-colored (directed or undirected) graph and the task is to find a specific type of subgraph, like a spanning tree, an arborescence, a single-source shortest path tree,…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2024-07-24 P. S. Ardra , Jasine Babu , Kritika Kashyap , R. Krithika , Sreejith K. Pallathumadam , Deepak Rajendraprasad

We investigate the problem of simultaneously dominating all spanning trees of a given graph. We prove that on 2-connected graphs, a subset of the vertices dominates all spanning trees of the graph if and only if it is a vertex cover. Using…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-12-17 Sebastian S. Johann , Sven O. Krumke , Manuel Streicher

We initiate the study of a fundamental combinatorial problem: Given a capacitated graph $G=(V,E)$, find a shortest walk ("route") from a source $s\in V$ to a destination $t\in V$ that includes all vertices specified by a set…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2018-05-01 Saeed Akhoondian Amiri , Klaus-Tycho Foerster , Stefan Schmid

In the PATH COVER problem, one asks to cover the vertices of a graph using the smallest possible number of (not necessarily disjoint) paths. While the variant where the paths need to be pairwise vertex-disjoint, which we call PATH…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Florent Foucaud , Atrayee Majumder , Tobias Mömke , Aida Roshany-Tabrizi

For a graph property $\Pi$, Subgraph Complementation to $\Pi$ is the problem to find whether there is a subset $S$ of vertices of the input graph $G$ such that modifying $G$ by complementing the subgraph induced by $S$ results in a graph…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2022-08-23 Dhanyamol Antony , Sagartanu Pal , R. B. Sandeep , R. Subashini
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