相关论文: Degree of arbitrariness directly from moving frame…
We consider the question of counting the degrees of freedom in theoretical models, with an emphasis on theories of fields and gravity. Among the possible approaches, the Hamiltonian formulation remains one of the most systematic and robust…
In this work we discuss how to correctly obtain the number of degrees of freedom of a system constituted by n particles with fixed relative distances and which are immerse in a three-dimensional space. As a result of our analysis, we…
Open effective field theories provide a systematic framework for describing physical systems interacting with an environment whose microscopic details are unknown, unobservable, or uncalculable. A basic step in constructing any effective…
We present a clear, step-by-step method for counting degrees of freedom and identifying constraints in general field theories. This approach, grounded in the works of Einstein, Hilbert, Cartan, Kuranishi, and, more recently, Seiler, is…
The relationship between various methods to calculate the physical degrees of freedom for gauge invariant systems of a general form is established. The set of hidden parameters caused for the superfluous degrees of freedom is revealed.
In this paper we present a Lagrangian method that allows the physical degree of freedom count for any Lagrangian system without having to perform neither Dirac nor covariant canonical analyses. The essence of our method is to establish a…
Modifications of Einstein's theory of gravitation have been extensively considered in the past years, in connection to both cosmology and quantum gravity. Higher-curvature and higher-derivative gravity theories constitute the main examples…
We present a Lagrangian approach to counting degrees of freedom in first-order field theories. The emphasis is on the systematic attainment of a complete set of constraints. In particular, we provide the first comprehensive procedure to…
The Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement advocates the use of an 'effective number of degrees of freedom' for the calculation of an interval of measurement uncertainty. However, it does not describe how this number is to be…
Typically higher-derivative theories are unstable. Instabilities manifest themselves from extra propagating degrees of freedom, which are unphysical. In this paper, we will investigate an infinite derivative field theory and study its true…
As an example of what happens with physically relevant theories like effective gravity, we consider the covariant relativistic theory of a scalar field of arbitrarily higher differential order. A procedure based on the Legendre…
Algorithmic modeling relies on limited information in data to extrapolate outcomes for unseen scenarios, often embedding an element of arbitrariness in its decisions. A perspective on this arbitrariness that has recently gained interest is…
We study in a systematic way a generic nonderivative (massive) deformation of general relativity using the Hamiltonian formalism. The number of propagating degrees of freedom is analyzed in a nonperturbative and background independent way.…
Integrable dynamical systems play an important role in many areas of science, including accelerator and plasma physics. An integrable dynamical system with $n$ degrees of freedom (DOF) possesses $n$ nontrivial integrals of motion, and can…
The error on a real quantity Y due to the graduation of the measuring instrument may be represented, when the graduation is regular and fines down, by a Dirichlet form on R whose square field operator do not depend on the probability law of…
We present the technique of derivation of a theory to obtain an $(n+1)f$-degrees-of-freedom theory from an $f$-degrees-of-freedom theory and show that one can calculate all of the quantities of the derived theory from those of the original…
This work is devoted to a systematic exposition of the dynamics of a rigid body, considered as a system with kinematic constraints. Having accepted the variational problem in accordance with this, we no longer need any additional postulates…
The error on a real quantity Y due to the graduation of the measuring instrument may be asymptotically represented, when the graduation is regular and fines down, by a Dirichlet form on R whose square field operator does not depend on the…
The frame algorithm uses a simple recursive formula to approximate an unknown vector from its frame coefficients. This note introduces an adaptive version of the frame algorithm that maximizes the error reduction between steps in terms of…
An equation of motion of the mass point with internal degrees of freedom in scalar potential $U$ depending on relative coordinates and time, velocity and accelerations is obtained both for non-relativistic and relativistic case. In…