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A well-studied concept is that of the total chromatic number. A proper total colouring of a graph is a colouring of both vertices and edges so that every pair of adjacent vertices receive different colours, every pair of adjacent edges…

组合数学 · 数学 2010-09-14 Tom Coker , Karen Johannson

A total-colored graph is a graph $G$ such that both all edges and all vertices of $G$ are colored. A path in a total-colored graph $G$ is a total rainbow path if its edges and internal vertices have distinct colors. A total-colored graph…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-01-09 Hui Jiang , Xueliang Li , Yingying Zhang

The distinguishing number $D(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest number of colors that is needed to color the vertices of $G$ such that the only color preserving automorphism is the identity. For infinite graphs $D(G)$ is bounded by the…

A total colouring of a graph is a colouring of its vertices and edges such that no two adjacent vertices or edges have the same colour and moreover, no edge coloured $c$ has its endvertex coloured $c$ too. A weak total Thue colouring of a…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-03-05 Jens Schreyer , Erika Škrabuľáková

A graph is said to be {\it total-colored} if all the edges and the vertices of the graph are colored. A total-coloring of a graph is a {\it total monochromatically-connecting coloring} ({\it TMC-coloring}, for short) if any two vertices of…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-04-11 Hui Jiang , Xueliang Li , Yingying Zhang

We introduce the notion of the { \it strong $(r,p)$ cover} number $\chi^c(G,k,r,p)$ for $k$-uniform hypergraphs $G(V,E)$, where $\chi^c(G,k,r,p)$ denotes the minimum number of $r$-colorings of vertices in $V$ such that each hyperedge in $E$…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2015-07-19 Tapas Kumar Mishra , Sudebkumar Prasant Pal

For any graph $G=(V,E)$ and positive integer $p$, the exact distance-$p$ graph $G^{[\natural p]}$ is the graph with vertex set $V$, which has an edge between vertices $x$ and $y$ if and only if $x$ and $y$ have distance $p$ in $G$. For odd…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-08-11 Jan van den Heuvel , H. A. Kierstead , Daniel A. Quiroz

In the noisy channel model from coding theory, we wish to detect errors introduced during transmission by optimizing various parameters of the code. Bennett, Dudek, and LaForge framed a variation of this problem in the language of…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-01-28 Patrick Bennett , Ryan Cushman , Andrzej Dudek

Let $f: V(G)\cup E(G)\rightarrow \{1,2,\dots,k\}$ be a non-proper total $k$-coloring of $G$. Define a weight function on total coloring as $$\phi(x)=f(x)+\sum\limits_{e\ni x}f(e)+\sum\limits_{y\in N(x)}f(y),$$ where $N(x)=\{y\in V(G)|xy\in…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-01-11 Jing-zhi Chang , Chao Yang , Zhi-xiang Yin , Bing Yao

A set $B\subseteq V(G)$ is called a $k$-total limited packing set in a graph $G$ if $|B\cap N(v)|\leq k$ for any vertex $v\in V(G)$. The $k$-total limited packing number $L_{k,t}(G)$ is the maximum cardinality of a $k$-total limited packing…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-05-07 Azam Sadat Ahmadi , Nasrin Soltankhah

For a multi-set $\lambda=\{k_1,k_2, \ldots, k_q\}$ of positive integers, let $k_{\lambda} = \sum_{i=1}^q k_i$. A $\lambda$-list assignment of $G$ is a list assignment $L$ of $G$ such that the colour set $\bigcup_{v \in V(G)}L(v)$ can be…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-08-04 Jialu Zhu , Xuding Zhu

A subset $S\subseteq V$ in a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a total $[1,2]$-set if, for every vertex $v\in V$, $1\leq |N(v)\cap S|\leq 2$. The minimum cardinality of a total $[1,2]$-set of $G$ is called the total $[1,2]$-domination number, denoted by…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-03-18 Xuezheng Lv , Baoyindureng Wu

We prove that for every non-trivial hereditary family of graphs ${\cal P}$ and for every fixed $p \in (0,1)$, the maximum possible number of edges in a subgraph of the random graph $G(n,p)$ which belongs to ${\cal P}$ is, with high…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-10-25 Noga Alon , Michael Krivelevich , Wojciech Samotij

The \emph{total graph} $T(G)$ of a multigraph $G$ has as its vertices the set of edges and vertices of $G$ and has an edge between two vertices if their corresponding elements are either adjacent or incident in $G$. We show that if $G$ has…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-08-06 Daniel W. Cranston

An adjacent vertex distinguishing edge colouring of a graph $G$ without isolated edges is its proper edge colouring such that no pair of adjacent vertices meets the same set of colours in $G$. We show that such colouring can be chosen from…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-01-08 Jakub Kwaśny , Jakub Przybyło

For a non-decreasing sequence $S = (s_1, s_2, \ldots, s_k)$ of positive integers, a packing $S$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a partition of $V(G)$ into $V_1, V_2, \ldots, V_k$ such that each $V_i$ has pairwise distance at least $s_i+1$. The…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-03-25 Xinmin Hou , Xujun Liu , Xiangyang Wang

For a list-assignment $L$, the reconfiguration graph $C_L(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the graph whose vertices are proper $L$-colorings of $G$ and whose edges link two colorings that differ on only one vertex. If $|L(v)| \ge d(v) + 2$ for every…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-04-02 Lucas De Meyer

For an undirected, simple, finite, connected graph $G$, we denote by $V(G)$ and $E(G)$ the sets of its vertices and edges, respectively. A function $\varphi:E(G)\rightarrow \{1,...,t\}$ is called a proper edge $t$-coloring of a graph $G$,…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-07-05 A. M. Khachatryan , R. R. Kamalian

We prove that the list chromatic index of a graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ and treewidth $\leq \sqrt{2\Delta} -3$ is $\Delta$; and that the total chromatic number of a graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ and treewidth $\leq \Delta/3 +1$ is…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-11-14 Henning Bruhn , Richard Lang , Maya Stein

Let G be an n-vertex graph with list-chromatic number $\chi_\ell$. Suppose each vertex of G is assigned a list of t colors. Albertson, Grossman, and Haas conjecture that at least $t n / {\chi_\ell}$ vertices can be colored from these lists.…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 Glenn G. Chappell