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We determine the leading digit laws for the matrix components of a linear Lie group $G$. These laws generalize the observations that the normalized Haar measure of the Lie group $\mathbb{R}^+$ is $dx/x$ and that the scale invariance of…

数论 · 数学 2015-07-08 Corey Manack , Steven J. Miller

We study the individual digits for the absolute value of the characteristic polynomial for the Circular $\beta$-Ensemble. We show that, in the large $N$ limit, the first digits obey Benford's Law and the further digits become uniformly…

概率论 · 数学 2023-12-19 Nedialko Bradinoff , Maurice Duits

Inspired by the basic stick fragmentation model proposed by Becker et al. in arXiv:1309.5603v4, we consider three new versions of such fragmentation models, namely, continuous with random number of parts, continuous with probabilistic…

概率论 · 数学 2023-09-06 Xinyu Fang , Steven J. Miller , Maxwell Sun , Amanda Verga

In this paper, we consider approximating expansions for the distribution of integer valued random variables, in circumstances in which convergence in law cannot be expected. The setting is one in which the simplest approximation to the…

概率论 · 数学 2009-12-11 A. D. Barbour , E. Kowalski , A. Nikeghbali

That the logarithmic distribution manifests itself in the random as well as in the deterministic (multiplication processes) has long intrigued researchers in Benford's Law. In this article it is argued that it springs from one common…

统计理论 · 数学 2012-11-01 Alex Ely Kossovsky

A statistical model for the fragmentation of a conserved quantity is analyzed, using the principle of maximum entropy and the theory of partitions. Upper and lower bounds for the restricted partitioning problem are derived and applied to…

数据分析、统计与概率 · 物理学 2015-03-31 Joseph R. Iafrate , Steven J. Miller , Frederick W. Strauch

The Newcomb-Benford law, also known as the first-digit law, gives the probability distribution associated with the first digit of a dataset, so that, for example, the first significant digit has a probability of $30.1$ % of being $1$ and…

科普物理 · 物理学 2021-08-25 Andrea Burgos , Andrés Santos

We provide general expressions for the joint distributions of the $k$ most significant $b$-ary digits and of the $k$ leading continued fraction coefficients of outcomes of an arbitrary continuous random variable. Our analysis highlights the…

概率论 · 数学 2024-02-13 Félix Balado , Guénolé C. M. Silvestre

We present some new and explicit error bounds for the approximation of distributions. The approximation error is quantified by the maximal density ratio of the distribution $Q$ to be approximated and its proxy $P$. This non-symmetric…

统计理论 · 数学 2022-09-02 Lutz Duembgen , Richard Samworth , Jon Wellner

We establish the first known upper bound on the exact and Wyner's common information of $n$ continuous random variables in terms of the dual total correlation between them (which is a generalization of mutual information). In particular, we…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2018-12-11 Cheuk Ting Li , Abbas El Gamal

The intriguing law of anomalous numbers, also named Benford's law, states that the significant digits of data follow a logarithmic distribution favoring the smallest values. In this work, we test the compliance with this law of the atomic…

原子物理 · 物理学 2024-05-30 Jean-Christophe Pain , Yuri Ralchenko

Benford's law is widely used for fraud-detection nowadays. The underlying assumption for using the law is that a "regular" dataset follows the significant digit phenomenon. In this paper, we address the scenario where a shrewd fraudster…

应用统计 · 统计学 2021-05-21 Javad Kazemitabar

A beautiful theorem of Zeckendorf states that every integer can be written uniquely as the sum of non-consecutive Fibonacci numbers $\{ F_i \}_{i = 1}^{\infty}$. A set $S \subset \mathbb{Z}$ is said to satisfy Benford's law if the density…

The occurrence of the nonzero leftmost digit, i.e., 1, 2, ..., 9, of numbers from many real world sources is not uniformly distributed as one might naively expect, but instead, the nature favors smaller ones according to a logarithmic…

数据分析、统计与概率 · 物理学 2014-11-21 Lijing Shao , Bo-Qiang Ma

We make progress on a conjecture made by [DM], which states that the $d$-dimensional frames of $m$-dimensional boxes resulting from a fragmentation process satisfy Benford's law for all $1 \leq d \leq m$. We provide a sufficient condition…

概率论 · 数学 2023-04-18 Livia Betti , Irfan Durmić , Zoe McDonald , Jack B. Miller , Steven J. Miller

In this paper, we establish an almost sure central limit theorem for a general random sequence under a strong approximation condition. Additionally, we derive the law of the iterated logarithm for the center of mass corresponding to a…

概率论 · 数学 2024-07-08 Zhishui Hua , Wei Wanga , Liang Dong

In many real life situations, it is observed that the first digits (i.e., $1,2,\ldots,9$) of a numerical data-set, which is expressed using decimal system, do not follow a random distribution. Instead, smaller numbers are favoured by nature…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-06-10 Abhishek Shukla , Ankit Kumar Pandey , Anirban Pathak

Conformity with Benford's Law is widely used to detect irregularities in numerical datasets, particularly in accounting, finance, and economics. However, the statistical tools commonly used for this purpose (such as Chi-squared, MAD, or KS)…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2025-06-17 Manuel Cano-Rodriguez

Benford's law states that in data sets from different phenomena leading digits tend to be distributed logarithmically such that the numbers beginning with smaller digits occur more often than those with larger ones. Particularly, the law is…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2016-01-12 Tariq Ahmad Mir

Benford's Law states that the frequency of first digits of numbers in naturally occurring systems is not evenly distributed. Numbers beginning with a 1 occur roughly 30\% of the time, and are six times more common than numbers beginning…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2016-02-17 Jennifer Golbeck