物理与社会
Accurate reconstruction of historical population distributions from the 1970s to the 1990s remains a significant limitation in global gridded population products due to coarse built-up data and limited census records. This study is, to our…
Main path analysis has long been used to trace knowledge trajectories in citation networks, yet it lacks solid theoretical foundations. To understand when and why this approach succeeds, we analyse directed acyclic graphs created from two…
Complex systems are made up of many interacting components. Network science provides the tools to analyze and understand these interactions. Community detection is a key technique in network science for uncovering the structures that shape…
Research on promoting cooperation among autonomous, self-regarding agents has often focused on the bi-objective optimisation problem: minimising the total incentive cost while maximising the frequency of cooperation. However, the optimal…
Understanding the intrinsic mechanisms of social platforms is an urgent demand to maintain social stability. The rise of large language models provides significant potential for social network simulations to capture attitude dynamics and…
Theoretical arguments and empirical evidence for the emergence of macroscopic epidemic type behavior, in the form of Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) or Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) processes in urban traffic congestion from…
Homophily -- the tendency of individuals to interact with similar others -- shapes how networks form and function. Yet existing approaches typically collapse homophily to a single scale, either one parameter for the whole network or one per…
A fundamental premise of statistical physics is that the particles in a physical system are interchangeable, and hence the state of each specific component is representative of the system as a whole. This assumption breaks down for complex…
We show that in a situation where individuals have a choice between a costly institute and a free institute to perform a collective action task, the existence of a participation cost promotes cooperation in the costly institute. Despite…
Cities are increasingly challenged by extreme heat events, which pose serious risks to public health and urban livability. Micromobility users, whose numbers have increased rapidly in recent years, are particularly vulnerable to outdoor…
As a fundamental problem in network science, network dismantling focuses on identifying a set of critical nodes whose removal sharply reduces a network's connectivity and functionality. Potential applications include stopping rumor spread,…
Early design decisions strongly influence environmental, economic and social outcomes, yet sustainability assessment tools rarely reveal trade-offs among these three pillars. This study presents a framework for Conflict Mapping and…
Theoretical biology has long proposed that autonomous systems sustain their identity through reciprocal constraints between structure and activity, a dynamical regime underlying concepts such as closure to efficient causation and…
An important challenge for quantum theories of cognition and decision concerns the incorporation of memory for recently made judgments and their effects on later judgments. First, we review a general approach to measurement based on system…
This research investigates the coupled dynamics of behavior and infectious disease using a mathematical model. We integrate a two-state q-voter opinion process with SIS-type infection dynamics, where transmission rates are influenced by the…
Much of today's sustainability discourse emphasizes efficiency, clean technologies, and smart systems, but largely underestimates fundamental physical constraints relating to energy-matter interactions. These constraints stem from the fact…
This study evaluates the techno-economic feasibility of supplying industrial thermal loads with green hydrogen produced via water electrolysis using two pathways off-grid systems powered by co-located wind turbines and battery energy…
Identifying influential nodes plays a pivotal role in understanding, controlling, and optimizing the behavior of complex systems, ranging from social to biological and technological domains. Yet most centrality-based approaches rely on…
We study the susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model on directed complex networks within the quenched mean-field approximation. Combining results from random matrix theory with an analytic approach to the distribution of fixed-point…
Politics around the world exhibits increasing polarization, demonstrated in part by rigid voting configurations in institutions like legislatures or courts. A crux of polarization is separation along a unidimensional ideological axis, but…