物理与社会
We consider a rumor model in which the network is divided into three classes of agents: ignorant, spreader, and stifler. A spreader transmits the rumor to each of its ignorant neighbors at rate one, and at the same rate, it becomes a…
In the modern world, our cities and societies face several technological and societal challenges, such as rapid urbanization, global warming & climate change, the digital divide, and social inequalities, increasing the need for more…
Various theoretical and empirical studies have accounted for why humans cooperate in competitive environments. Although prior work has revealed that network structure and multiplex interactions can promote cooperation, most theory assumes…
Culture is not just traits but a dynamic system of interdependent beliefs, practices and artefacts embedded in cognitive, social and material structures. Culture evolves as these entities interact, generating path dependence, attractor…
Formal modelling provides a toolkit for understanding cultural dynamics, from individual decisions to recurring patterns of change. This chapter explains what models are and why they matter. Using a precise, shared language, they aid…
Effective graph resistance is a fundamental structural metric in network science, widely used to quantify global connectivity, compare network architectures, and assess robustness in flow-based systems. Despite its importance, current…
A central challenge in the study of complex systems is the quantification of emergence -- understood as the ability of the system to exhibit collective behaviours that cannot be traced down to the individual components. While recent work…
We present a numerical study on the synchronization and cascade failure behaviour by solving the adaptive second-order Kuramoto model on a large high voltage (HV) European power-grid. This non-perturbative analysis takes into account…
The standard Axelrod model of cultural dissemination, based on discrete cultural traits, exhibits a non-equilibrium phase transition but is inherently limited by its inability to continuously probe the critical behavior. We address this…
Conventional game theory assumes that players are perfectly rational. In a realistic situation, however, players are rarely perfectly rational. This bounded rationality is one of the main reasons why the predictions of Nash equilibrium in…
Empirical complex systems can be characterized not only by pairwise interactions, but also by higher-order (group) interactions influencing collective phenomena, from metabolic reactions to epidemics. Nevertheless, higher-order networks'…
Individual cooperative strategy influences the surrounding dynamic population, which in turn affects cooperative strategy. To better model this phenomenon, we develop a Markov decision chain based game transitions model and examine the…
This volume, \textbf{Physicists Are Still Joking}, serves as a definitive almanac of scientific humor spanning sixty years. It traces the evolution of professional folklore across geopolitical divides and technological eras. \textbf{Part I}…
Understanding pollutant meteorology interactions is essential for environmental risk assessment. This study develops an entropy-based statistical framework to analyze static and temporal dependencies between urban air pollutants and…
Habitat loss and fragmentation have often been viewed as major threats to species interaction and global biodiversity conservation. However, habitat degradation can also give rise to positive ecological and behavioral responses, challenging…
The Wiener path integral framework is proposed to model military combat dynamics by incorporating the neglected stochastic effects to the Lanchester's square law. This framework is applied to evaluate the empirical 3:1 combat rule, which…
Has broadband become a necessity good immune to price changes? Using a 15-year panel of 33 European countries (2010--2024) and two-way fixed effects with Driscoll--Kraay standard errors, we document a fundamental transformation in broadband…
We present the first exact, multi-mode solutions to the Plastino-Plastino nonlinear diffusion equation with arbitrary power-law drift. By allowing each $q$-exponential mode to have its own independent, time-dependent centre, all inter-mode…
This paper investigates absorbing-state phase transitions in opinion dynamics through a master-node network model analyzed using annealing approximation. We develop a theoretical framework examining three fundamental regimes: systems…
The accelerating digitization of economic activity has made information a dominant driver of market expectations, coordination, and systemic risk. Yet contemporary monetary systems remain anchored in architectures designed for material…