物理与社会
The complex interplay between human societies and their environments has long been a subject of fascination for social scientists. Utilizing agent-based modeling, this study delves into the profound implications of seemingly inconsequential…
The Sleeping Beauty Problem remains a paradoxical problem that penetrates multiple disciplines that include probability theory, self-locating belief, decision theory, cognitive science, the philosophy of mathematics and science. It asks the…
The selection of research topics by scientists can be viewed as an exploration process conducted by individuals with cognitive limitations traversing a complex cognitive landscape influenced by both individual and social factors. While…
We address the relatively less known facts on the equivalence and technical realizations surrounding two network models showing the "small-world" property, namely the Newman-Watts and the Harary models. We provide the most accurate (in…
Hydrogen is central to the global energy transition when produced at low emissions. This paper introduces a renewable hydrogen production system model (HPSM) that optimizes a hybrid hydrogen production system (HPS) on a worldwide 50x50 km…
Scale-free networks are one of the most famous examples of emergent behavior and are ubiquitous in social systems, especially online social media in which users can follow each other. By analyzing the interactions of multiple generative…
Employees in low-skilled jobs have limited agency when it comes to professional retraining. Career transitions for low-skilled white-collar workers, despite their frequent desire to change professions, are often hindered; they prove to be…
Many real systems exhibit the processes of growth and shrink. In this paper, we propose a network evolution model based on the simultaneous application of both node addition and deletion rules. To obtain a higher clustering that is present…
Opinion dynamics is crucial for unraveling the complexities of human interaction in the information age. How to speed up consensus without disturbing the fate of the system is key for opinion dynamics. We propose a voter model on adaptive…
Future pathways for Great Britain's energy system decarbonisation have highlighted the importance of low-carbon hydrogen as an energy carrier and demand flexibility support. However, the potential application within various sectors…
Agent-based models (ABMs) often rely on psychometric constructs such as 'opinions', 'stubbornness', 'happiness', etc. The measurement process for these constructs is quite different from the one used in physics as there is no standardized…
Cooperation in human society is sustained by reputation. In general, the reputation of an individual is determined by others who observe his behavior, but this rarely happens in private situations. This may cause people to behave…
In the United States the laws regulating the carrying of firearms in public vary state-to-state. In a highly publicized event, the Governor of New Mexico recently issued an emergency order temporarily banning the carrying of firearms in…
Ever faster computers are enabling us to extend our standard land use transportation interaction (LUTI) models to systems of cities within which individual cities compete for resources within the wider environment in which they interact.As…
Ambiguous optical illusions have been a paradigmatic object of fascination, research and inspiration in arts, psychology and video games. However, accurate computational models of perception of ambiguous figures have been elusive. In this…
We present a simple model to predict network activity at the edge level, by extending a known approximation method to compute Betweenness Centrality (BC) with a repulsive mechanism to prevent unphysical densities. By taking into account the…
We discuss the spread of a piece of news in a population. This is modeled by SIR model of epidemic spread. The model can be reduced to a nonlinear differential equation for the number of people affected by the news of interest. The…
We apply Game Theory to a mathematical representation of two competing teams of agents connected within a complex network, where the ability of each side to manoeuvre their resource and degrade that of the other depends on their ability to…
We study the severity of conflict-related violence in Colombia at an unprecedented granular scale in space and across time. Splitting the data into different geographical regions and different historically-relevant eras, we uncover…
In this paper we make an attempt to increase our understanding of the urban scaling phenomenon. We investigate how superlinear scaling emerges if a network increases in size and how this scaling depends on the occurrence of elements that…