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We give a short proof of the most general version of the Nullstellensatz without using the Axiom of Choice.

The main goal of this article is to provide a proof of the Pederson-Roy-Szpirglas theorem about counting common real zeros of real polynomial equations by using basic results from Linear algebra and Commutative algebra. The main tools are…

Given arbitrary integers $d$ and $r$ with $d \geq 4$ and $1 \leq r \leq d + 1$, a reflexive polytope $\mathcal{P} \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ of dimension $d$ with ${\rm depth} K[\mathcal{P}] = r$ for which its dual polytope $\mathcal{P}^\vee$ is…

It is shown that the edge ring of a finite connected simple graph with a $3$-linear resolution is a hypersurface.

Studying Hilbert functions of concrete examples of normal toric rings, it is demonstrated that, for each $1 \leq s \leq 5$, an $O$-sequence $(h_0, h_1, \ldots, h_{2s-1}) \in \mathbb{Z}_{\geq 0}^{2s}$ satisfying the properties that (i) $h_0…

In this article we consider the exterior power and the symmetric tensors of the polynomial ring in one variable. The structure of an associative semigraded algebra of this polynomial ring induces on the symmetric tensors the structure of an…

The $F$-signature is a numerical invariant defined by the number of free direct summands in the Frobenius push-forward, and it measures singularities in positive characteristic. It can be generalized by focussing on the number of non-free…

We characterize the cluster variables of skew-symmetrizable cluster algebras of rank 3 by their Newton polytopes. The Newton polytope of the cluster variable $z$ is the convex hull of the set of all $\mathbf{p}\in\mathbb{Z}^3$ such that the…

Let P be a lattice polytope with $h^*$-vector $(1, h^*_1, h^*_2)$. In this note we show that if $h_2^* \leq h_1^*$, then $P$ is IDP. More generally, we show the corresponding statements for semi-standard graded Cohen-Macaulay domains over…

Several authors have introduced various type of coherent-like rings and proved analogous results on these rings. It appears that all these relative coherent rings and all the used techniques can be unified. In [2], several coherent-like…

The Eigenvalue Theorem shows that solving a zero-dimensional polynomial system can be recast as an eigenvalue problem. This paper explores the relation between the Eigenvalue Theorem and the work of Ludwig Stickelberger (1850-1936).

We provide, explicitly, equivalences and dual equivalences between categories of abstract quadratic forms theories and subcategories of multifields and multirings, that will bring new perspectives and methods to the abstract theories of…

A good way of parametrizing 0-dimensional schemes in an affine space $\mathbb{A}_K^n$ has been developed in the last 20 years using border basis schemes. Given a multiplicity $\mu$, they provide an open covering of the Hilbert scheme ${\rm…

Let $G$ be a finite simple graph on the vertex set $[n] = \{ 1, \ldots, n \}$ and $K[X, Y] = K[x_1, \ldots, x_n, y_1, \ldots, y_n]$ the polynomial ring in $2n$ variables over a field $K$ with each $\mathrm{deg} x_i = \mathrm{deg} y_j = 1$.…

Let $(R,\mathfrak{m})$ be a commutative Noetherian local ring which contains a regular sequence $ \underline{x} = x_1,\ldots,x_d \in \mathfrak{m} \smallsetminus \mathfrak{m}^2 $ such that $ \mathfrak{m}^3 \subseteq (\underline{x}) $. Let $…

Let R be a commutative ring with identity, S be a multiplicatively closed subset of R, and let M be an R-module. The aim of this paper is to introduce the notion of S-secondary submodules of M as a generalization of secondary submodules of…

For a local ring $(A,\mathfrak{m})$ of dimension $n$, we study the natural map from the Koszul cohomology module $H^n(\mathfrak{m}; A)$ to the local cohomology module $H^n_\mathfrak{m}(A)$. We prove that the injectivity of this map…

Given a monomial $m$ in a polynomial ring and a subset $L$ of the variables of the polynomial ring, the principal $L$-Borel ideal generated by $m$ is the ideal generated by all monomials which can be obtained from $m$ by successively…

Syzygies capture intricate geometric properties of a subvariety in projective space. However, when the ambient space is a product of projective spaces or a more general smooth projective toric variety, minimal free resolutions over the Cox…

The purpose of this paper is to prove that the symbolic Rees rings of ideals defining certain finite sets of points in the projective plane over an algebraically closed field are finitely generated using a ring theoretical criterion which…