统计力学
By periodically returning a search process to a known or random state, random resetting possesses the potential to unveil new trajectories, sidestep potential obstacles, and consequently enhance the efficiency of locating desired targets.…
It is shown that the structure of non-equilibrium thermodynamic system far from equilibrium can be captured in terms of a generalized "Nambu dynamics", in the presence of fluctuation effects in non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Triangular…
The arrow of time can be quantified through the Kullback-Leibler divergence ($D_{KL}$) between the distributions of forward and reverse trajectories in a system. Many approaches to estimate this rely on specific models, but the use of…
Recently, there is an increasing renewed interest in 2D magnetism such as Van der Waals magnets. The physics of 2D magnetism and ultra-thin magnetic films has a long history. This chapter is a review devoted to some fundamental theoretical…
We study the $q$-state Potts model on a square lattice with directed nearest-neighbor spin-spin interactions that are inherently non-reciprocal. Both equilibrium and non-equilibrium dynamics are investigated. Analytically, we demonstrate…
The fluctuation-dissipation theory is grounded on the Langevin condition expressing the local independence between the thermal force and the particle velocity history. Upon hydrodynamic grounds, it is reasonable to relax this condition in…
The analysis of fluctuation-dissipation relations developed in Giona et al. (2024) for particle hydromechanics is extended to stochastic forcings alternative to Wiener processes, with the aim of addressing the occurrence of Gaussian…
The article provides a unitary and complete solution to the fluctuation-dissipation relations for particle hydromechanics in a generic fluid, accounting for the hydrodynamic fluid-particle interactions (including arbitrary memory kernels in…
An ansatz applied to the two-dimensional Ising model in an external magnetic field h gives rise to an exactly soluble model. The singularity in the magnetization found by Onsager does not survive the presence of the external magnetic field…
Quantum annealing can efficiently obtain solutions to combinatorial optimization problems. Size-reduction methods are used to treat large-scale combinatorial optimization problems that cannot be input directly into a quantum annealer…
We investigate the location of the critical and tricritical points of the three-dimensional Blume-Capel model by analyzing the behavior of the first Lee-Yang zero, the density of partition function zeros, and higher-order cumulants of the…
We investigate a specific limit of the one-dimensional non-Hermitian Hubbard Hamiltonian with complex interactions. In this framework, fermions with different spin quantum numbers are mapped onto two distinct spin species, resulting in two…
In this work, we show that the kinetically constrained quantum East model lies between a quantum scarred and a many-body localized system featuring an unconventional type of mobility edge in the spectrum. We name this scenario…
We study percolation transition of run and tumble particles (RTPs) on a two dimensional square lattice. RTPs in these models run to the nearest neighbour along their internal orientation with unit rate, and to other nearest neighbours with…
In practical measurements, it is widely recognized that reducing the measurement time leads to decreased accuracy. However, whether an inherent speed-accuracy trade-off exists as a fundamental physical constraint for quantum measurements is…
The coupling between defects and extended critical degrees of freedom gives rise to the intriguing theory known as defect conformal field theory (CFT). In this work, we introduce a novel family of boundary and interface CFTs by coupling $N$…
We review recent studies of a colloidal information engine that consists of a bead in water and held by an optical trap. The bead is ratcheted upward without any apparent external work, by taking advantage of favorable thermal fluctuations.…
A central concern across the natural sciences is a quantitative understanding of the mechanism governing rare transitions between two metastable states. Recent research has uncovered a fundamental equality between the time-reversal…
Heat engines and information engines have each historically served as motivating examples for the development of thermodynamics. While these two types of systems are typically thought of as two separate kinds of machines, recent empirical…
Molecular motors fulfill critical functions within all living beings. Understanding their underlying working principles is therefore of great interest. Here we develop a simple model inspired by the two-component biomolecular motor Fo-F1…