Euclid 快速数据发布（Q1）。点状 X 射线选源的光学和近红外识别与分类
星系天体物理
2025-09-10 v2
摘要
为了更好地理解活动星系核（AGN）在星系演化中的作用，获得一个完整且纯净的 AGN 普查至关重要。X 射线巡天是实现这一目标的关键，但在其他波段识别其对应体（CTPs）仍然具有挑战性，因为其位置不确定性更大，且缺乏更深层的均匀辅助数据。Euclid 正在革新这一工作，提供了几乎覆盖整个河外天空的广泛数据，特别是在近红外波段，那里 AGN 更容易被探测到。利用 Euclid 第一次快速数据发布（Q1），我们识别、分类并确定了 Euclid CTPs 与主要 X 射线巡天中已知点状源的对应关系，包括 XMM-Newton、Chandra 和 eROSITA。使用贝叶斯统计结合机器学习（ML），我们为来自三台 X 射线望远镜的 11 286 个 X 射线源识别了 CTPs。对于绝大多数 10 194 个源，对应关系是唯一的，剩余约 10% 的多 CTP 情况在 XMM-Newton 和 eROSITA 之间均分。然后使用 ML 来区分银河系（8%）和河外（92%）源。我们利用深度学习为 DESI Legacy Survey 第 10 次数据发布中探测到的 8617 个源计算了测光红移，准确率和异常值比例均约为 5%。基于其 X 射线光度，超过 99% 被识别为河外的 CTPs 被分类为 AGN，其中大多数根据其硬度比来看似乎是未遮蔽的。通过本文，我们发布了我们的星表，包括标识符、基本 X 射线性质、对应关系的详细信息以及额外特征，如银河系/河外分类和测光/光谱红移。我们还提供了基于纯度和完备性进行子选择的概率，允许用户根据其特定需求定制样本。
引用
@article{arxiv.2503.15316,
title = {Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). Optical and near-infrared identification and classification of point-like X-ray selected sources},
author = {Euclid Collaboration and W. Roster and M. Salvato and J. Buchner and R. Shirley and E. Lusso and H. Landt and G. Zamorani and M. Siudek and B. Laloux and T. Matamoro Zatarain and F. Ricci and S. Fotopoulou and A. Ferré-Mateu and X. Lopez Lopez and N. Aghanim and B. Altieri and A. Amara and S. Andreon and N. Auricchio and H. Aussel and C. Baccigalupi and M. Baldi and A. Balestra and S. Bardelli and P. Battaglia and A. Biviano and A. Bonchi and E. Branchini and M. Brescia and J. Brinchmann and S. Camera and G. Cañas-Herrera and V. Capobianco and C. Carbone and J. Carretero and S. Casas and M. Castellano and G. Castignani and S. Cavuoti and K. C. Chambers and A. Cimatti and C. Colodro-Conde and G. Congedo and C. J. Conselice and L. Conversi and Y. Copin and F. Courbin and H. M. Courtois and M. Cropper and A. Da Silva and H. Degaudenzi and G. De Lucia and A. M. Di Giorgio and C. Dolding and H. Dole and F. Dubath and C. A. J. Duncan and X. Dupac and S. Dusini and S. Escoffier and M. Fabricius and M. Farina and R. Farinelli and F. Faustini and S. Ferriol and F. Finelli and P. Fosalba and N. Fourmanoit and M. Frailis and E. Franceschi and S. Galeotta and K. George and B. Gillis and C. Giocoli and J. Gracia-Carpio and B. R. Granett and A. Grazian and F. Grupp and S. Gwyn and S. V. H. Haugan and W. Holmes and I. M. Hook and F. Hormuth and A. Hornstrup and P. Hudelot and K. Jahnke and M. Jhabvala and E. Keihänen and S. Kermiche and A. Kiessling and B. Kubik and M. Kümmel and M. Kunz and H. Kurki-Suonio and Q. Le Boulc'h and A. M. C. Le Brun and D. Le Mignant and S. Ligori and P. B. Lilje and V. Lindholm and I. Lloro and G. Mainetti and D. Maino and E. Maiorano and O. Mansutti and S. Marcin and O. Marggraf and M. Martinelli and N. Martinet and F. Marulli and R. Massey and D. C. Masters and E. Medinaceli and S. Mei and M. Melchior and Y. Mellier and M. Meneghetti and E. Merlin and G. Meylan and A. Mora and M. Moresco and L. Moscardini and R. Nakajima and C. Neissner and S. -M. Niemi and J. W. Nightingale and C. Padilla and S. Paltani and F. Pasian and K. Pedersen and W. J. Percival and V. Pettorino and S. Pires and G. Polenta and M. Poncet and L. A. Popa and L. Pozzetti and F. Raison and R. Rebolo and A. Renzi and J. Rhodes and G. Riccio and E. Romelli and M. Roncarelli and R. Saglia and Z. Sakr and A. G. Sánchez and D. Sapone and B. Sartoris and J. A. Schewtschenko and M. Schirmer and P. Schneider and T. Schrabback and A. Secroun and G. Seidel and M. Seiffert and S. Serrano and P. Simon and C. Sirignano and G. Sirri and L. Stanco and J. Steinwagner and P. Tallada-Crespí and D. Tavagnacco and A. N. Taylor and I. Tereno and S. Toft and R. Toledo-Moreo and F. Torradeflot and I. Tutusaus and L. Valenziano and J. Valiviita and T. Vassallo and G. Verdoes Kleijn and A. Veropalumbo and Y. Wang and J. Weller and A. Zacchei and F. M. Zerbi and I. A. Zinchenko and E. Zucca and V. Allevato and M. Ballardini and M. Bolzonella and E. Bozzo and C. Burigana and R. Cabanac and A. Cappi and D. Di Ferdinando and J. A. Escartin Vigo and L. Gabarra and M. Huertas-Company and J. Martín-Fleitas and S. Matthew and N. Mauri and R. B. Metcalf and A. Pezzotta and M. Pöntinen and C. Porciani and I. Risso and V. Scottez and M. Sereno and M. Tenti and M. Viel and M. Wiesmann and Y. Akrami and I. T. Andika and S. Anselmi and M. Archidiacono and F. Atrio-Barandela and C. Benoist and K. Benson and D. Bertacca and M. Bethermin and L. Bisigello and A. Blanchard and L. Blot and H. Böhringer and M. L. Brown and S. Bruton and A. Calabro and F. Caro and C. S. Carvalho and T. Castro and F. Cogato and A. R. Cooray and O. Cucciati and S. Davini and F. De Paolis and G. Desprez and A. Díaz-Sánchez and J. J. Diaz and S. Di Domizio and J. M. Diego and A. Enia and Y. Fang and A. G. Ferrari and A. Finoguenov and A. Fontana and A. Franco and K. Ganga and J. García-Bellido and T. Gasparetto and V. Gautard and E. Gaztanaga and F. Giacomini and F. Gianotti and G. Gozaliasl and M. Guidi and C. M. Gutierrez and A. Hall and W. G. Hartley and S. Hemmati and C. Hernández-Monteagudo and H. Hildebrandt and J. Hjorth and J. J. E. Kajava and Y. Kang and V. Kansal and D. Karagiannis and K. Kiiveri and C. C. Kirkpatrick and S. Kruk and J. Le Graet and L. Legrand and M. Lembo and F. Lepori and G. Leroy and G. F. Lesci and J. Lesgourgues and L. Leuzzi and T. I. Liaudat and A. Loureiro and J. Macias-Perez and G. Maggio and M. Magliocchetti and F. Mannucci and R. Maoli and C. J. A. P. Martins and L. Maurin and M. Miluzio and P. Monaco and C. Moretti and G. Morgante and K. Naidoo and A. Navarro-Alsina and S. Nesseris and F. Passalacqua and K. Paterson and L. Patrizii and A. Pisani and D. Potter and S. Quai and M. Radovich and S. Sacquegna and M. Sahlén and D. B. Sanders and E. Sarpa and A. Schneider and D. Sciotti and E. Sellentin and F. Shankar and L. C. Smith and K. Tanidis and G. Testera and R. Teyssier and S. Tosi and A. Troja and M. Tucci and C. Valieri and A. Venhola and D. Vergani and G. Verza and P. Vielzeuf and A. Viitanen and N. A. Walton and E. Soubrie and D. Scott},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.15316},
year = {2025}
}
备注
Paper accepted as part of the A&A Special Issue `Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1)', 24 pages, 22 figures. PICZL code (Roster et al. 2024) used for computing the photo-z, is also released