Euclid 快速数据发布（Q1）。利用基于扩散模型的 Euclid VIS 图像修复进行活动星系核识别
星系天体物理
2025-10-20 v3 计算机视觉与模式识别
摘要
星系的光发射表现出多样化的亮度轮廓，受星系类型、结构特征以及与其他星系的相互作用等因素影响。椭圆星系具有更均匀的光分布，而螺旋和不规则星系由于其结构异质性和恒星形成活动而具有复杂多样的光轮廓。此外，具有活动星系核（AGN）的星系在常规星系光之上叠加了来自气体吸积到超大质量黑洞周围的强烈集中发射，而类星体（QSO）则是 AGN 发射主导星系的极端情况。AGN 和 QSO 的识别挑战在文献中已被多次讨论，通常需要多波段观测。本文提出了一种从单张图像识别 AGN 和 QSO 的新方法。扩散模型最近在机器学习文献中被开发用于生成日常物体的真实外观图像。利用 Euclid VIS 图像的空间分辨能力，我们创建了一个扩散模型，在一百万个源上进行训练，未使用任何源预选择或标签。该模型学习重建正常星系的光分布，因为该群体占主导地位。我们通过遮蔽每个源中心几个像素来条件化中心光分布的预测，并根据扩散模型重建光。我们进一步通过检查每个源核心再生的少数像素的重建误差，利用此预测来识别偏离该轮廓的源。仅使用 VIS 成像的方法，与传统 AGN 和 QSO 选源方法（包括光学、近红外、中红外和 X 射线）相比，具有高完备度。
引用
@article{arxiv.2503.15321,
title = {Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). Active galactic nuclei identification using diffusion-based inpainting of Euclid VIS images},
author = {Euclid Collaboration and G. Stevens and S. Fotopoulou and M. N. Bremer and T. Matamoro Zatarain and K. Jahnke and B. Margalef-Bentabol and M. Huertas-Company and M. J. Smith and M. Walmsley and M. Salvato and M. Mezcua and A. Paulino-Afonso and M. Siudek and M. Talia and F. Ricci and W. Roster and N. Aghanim and B. Altieri and S. Andreon and H. Aussel and C. Baccigalupi and M. Baldi and S. Bardelli and P. Battaglia and A. Biviano and A. Bonchi and E. Branchini and M. Brescia and J. Brinchmann and S. Camera and G. Cañas-Herrera and V. Capobianco and C. Carbone and J. Carretero and M. Castellano and G. Castignani and S. Cavuoti and K. C. Chambers and A. Cimatti and C. Colodro-Conde and G. Congedo and C. J. Conselice and L. Conversi and Y. Copin and A. Costille and F. Courbin and H. M. Courtois and M. Cropper and A. Da Silva and H. Degaudenzi and G. De Lucia and C. Dolding and H. Dole and M. Douspis and F. Dubath and X. Dupac and S. Dusini and S. Escoffier and M. Farina and S. Ferriol and K. George and C. Giocoli and B. R. Granett and A. Grazian and F. Grupp and S. V. H. Haugan and I. M. Hook and F. Hormuth and A. Hornstrup and P. Hudelot and M. Jhabvala and E. Keihänen and S. Kermiche and A. Kiessling and M. Kilbinger and B. Kubik and M. Kümmel and H. Kurki-Suonio and Q. Le Boulc'h and A. M. C. Le Brun and D. Le Mignant and P. B. Lilje and V. Lindholm and I. Lloro and G. Mainetti and D. Maino and E. Maiorano and O. Marggraf and M. Martinelli and N. Martinet and F. Marulli and R. Massey and S. Maurogordato and H. J. McCracken and E. Medinaceli and S. Mei and M. Melchior and M. Meneghetti and E. Merlin and G. Meylan and A. Mora and M. Moresco and L. Moscardini and R. Nakajima and C. Neissner and S. -M. Niemi and C. Padilla and S. Paltani and F. Pasian and K. Pedersen and W. J. Percival and V. Pettorino and G. Polenta and M. Poncet and L. A. Popa and L. Pozzetti and F. Raison and R. Rebolo and A. Renzi and J. Rhodes and G. Riccio and E. Romelli and M. Roncarelli and R. Saglia and A. G. Sánchez and D. Sapone and J. A. Schewtschenko and M. Schirmer and P. Schneider and T. Schrabback and A. Secroun and S. Serrano and P. Simon and C. Sirignano and G. Sirri and J. Skottfelt and L. Stanco and J. Steinwagner and P. Tallada-Crespí and A. N. Taylor and I. Tereno and S. Toft and R. Toledo-Moreo and F. Torradeflot and I. Tutusaus and L. Valenziano and J. Valiviita and T. Vassallo and G. Verdoes Kleijn and A. Veropalumbo and Y. Wang and J. Weller and A. Zacchei and G. Zamorani and F. M. Zerbi and I. A. Zinchenko and E. Zucca and V. Allevato and M. Ballardini and M. Bolzonella and E. Bozzo and C. Burigana and R. Cabanac and A. Cappi and J. A. Escartin Vigo and L. Gabarra and W. G. Hartley and J. Martín-Fleitas and S. Matthew and R. B. Metcalf and A. Pezzotta and M. Pöntinen and I. Risso and V. Scottez and M. Sereno and M. Tenti and M. Wiesmann and Y. Akrami and S. Alvi and I. T. Andika and S. Anselmi and M. Archidiacono and F. Atrio-Barandela and D. Bertacca and M. Bethermin and L. Bisigello and A. Blanchard and L. Blot and S. Borgani and M. L. Brown and S. Bruton and A. Calabro and F. Caro and T. Castro and F. Cogato and S. Davini and G. Desprez and A. Díaz-Sánchez and J. J. Diaz and S. Di Domizio and J. M. Diego and P. -A. Duc and A. Enia and Y. Fang and A. G. Ferrari and A. Finoguenov and A. Fontana and A. Franco and J. García-Bellido and T. Gasparetto and V. Gautard and E. Gaztanaga and F. Giacomini and F. Gianotti and M. Guidi and C. M. Gutierrez and A. Hall and S. Hemmati and H. Hildebrandt and J. Hjorth and J. J. E. Kajava and Y. Kang and V. Kansal and D. Karagiannis and C. C. Kirkpatrick and S. Kruk and L. Legrand and M. Lembo and F. Lepori and G. Leroy and J. Lesgourgues and L. Leuzzi and T. I. Liaudat and J. Macias-Perez and M. Magliocchetti and F. Mannucci and R. Maoli and C. J. A. P. Martins and L. Maurin and M. Miluzio and P. Monaco and G. Morgante and K. Naidoo and A. Navarro-Alsina and F. Passalacqua and K. Paterson and L. Patrizii and A. Pisani and D. Potter and S. Quai and M. Radovich and P. -F. Rocci and G. Rodighiero and S. Sacquegna and M. Sahlén and D. B. Sanders and E. Sarpa and A. Schneider and M. Schultheis and D. Sciotti and E. Sellentin and F. Shankar and L. C. Smith and K. Tanidis and G. Testera and R. Teyssier and S. Tosi and A. Troja and M. Tucci and C. Valieri and D. Vergani and G. Verza and N. A. Walton},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.15321},
year = {2025}
}
备注
Paper Accepted as part of the A&A Special Issue `Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1)', 34 pages, 26 figures