相关论文: Maxwell equations as the one-photon quantum equati…
The symmetry studies of Maxwell equations gave new insight on the nature of electromagnetic (EM) field. It has in general case quaternion single structure, consisting of four independent field constituents, which differ with each other by…
The Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of electromagnetism are reviewed and the Maxwell equations are obtained from the Hamiltonian for a system of many electric charges. It is shown that three of the equations which were obtained from…
We extend classical Maxwell field theory to a first quantized theory of the photon by deriving a conserved Lorentz four-current whose zero component is a positive definite number density. Fields are real and their positive (negative)…
An eigenvalue equation representing symmetric (dual) quantum equation is introduced. The particle is described by two scalar wavefunctions, and two vector wavefunctions. The eigenfunction is found to satisfy the quantum Telegraph equation…
We construct an explicit covariant Majorana formulation of Maxwell electromagnetism which does not make use of vector 4-potential. This allows to write a ``Dirac'' equation for the photon containing all the known properties of it. In…
A new relativistic description of quantum electrodynamics is presented. Guideline of the theory is the Klein-Gordon equation, which is reformulated to consider spin effects. This is achieved by a representation of relativistic vectors with…
We show that if we start with the free Dirac Lagrangian, and demand local phase invariance, assuming the total phase coming from two independent contributions associated with the charge and mass degrees of freedom of charged Dirac…
Considering two static, electrically charged, elementary particles, we demonstrate a possible way of proving that all known fundamental forces in the nature are the manifestations of the single, unique interaction. We re-define the gauging…
Classical equations of motion that are first-order in time and conserve energy can only be quantized after their variables have been transformed to canonical ones, i.e., variables in which the energy is the system's Hamiltonian. The…
Recent experimental results on slow light heighten interest in nonlinear Maxwell theories. We obtain Galilei covariant equations for electromagnetism by allowing special nonlinearities in the constitutive equations only, keeping Maxwell's…
The paper formulates Maxwell's equations in 4-dimensional Euclidean space by embedding the electromagnetic vector potential in the frame vector $g_0$. Relativistic electrodynamics is the first problem tackled; in spite of using a geometry…
Using Maxwell's mental imagery of a tube of fluid motion of an imaginary fluid, we derive his equations $\operatorname{curl} \mathbf{E} = -\frac{\partial \mathbf{B}}{\partial t}$, $\operatorname{curl} \mathbf{H} = \frac{\partial…
A new term describing interactions between charge and potentials may be added to the right hand side of the Einstein equations. In the proposed term an additional tensor has been introduced containing a charge density, analogous to the…
The generalized Maxwell equations including an additional scalar field are considered in the first-order formalism. The gauge invariance of the Lagrangian and equations is broken resulting the appearance of a scalar field. We find the…
We derive basic equations of electromagnetic fields in fractal media which are specified by three indepedent fractal dimensions {\alpha}_{i} in the respective directions x_{i} (i=1,2,3) of the Cartesian space in which the fractal is…
In \cite{2} it was shown that Einstein's special theory of relativity and Maxwell's field theory have mathematically equivalent dual versions. The dual versions arise from an identity relating observer time to proper time as a contact…
This paper provides a view of Maxwell's equations from the perspective of complex variables. The study is made through complex differential forms and the Hodge star operator in $\mathbb{C}^2$ with respect to the Euclidean and the Minkowski…
We give the Lagrangian formulation of a generic non-minimally extended Einstein-Maxwell theory with an action that is linear in the curvature and quadratic in the electromagnetic field. We derive the coupled field equations by a first order…
We consider Maxwell fields associated with any shear-free null geodesic congruence on Minkowski or Riemannian background space-time. Bounded singular loci of these fields are treated as particle-like formations, possess "self-quantized"…
The symmetry studies of Maxwell equations gave new insight on the nature of electromagnetic (EM) field. Tey are reviewed in the work presented. It is drawing the attention on the following aspects. EM-field has in general case quaternion…