相关论文: Conserved Currents of the Maxwell Equations with E…

Motivated by a special consideration in quantum measurement, we present a new improved energy-momentum tensor. The new tensor differs from the traditional canonical and symmetric ones, and can be derived as Nother current from a Lagrangian…

It is shown that the zilch conservation law arises as the Noether current corresponding to a variational symmetry of a duality-symmetric Maxwell Lagrangian. The action of the corresponding symmetry generator on the duality-symmetric…

Coupling effects among different physical fields substantially reflect the conversion of energies from one form into another. For simple physical processes, their governing or constitutive equations all satisfy the law of conservation of…

We give a concise axiomatic introduction into the fundamental structure of classical electrodynamics: It is based on electric charge conservation, the Lorentz force, magnetic flux conservation, and the existence of local and linear…

The complex Lorentz force is introduced and extended to include magnetic scalar. This scalar is found to be associated with a prevailing magnetic field permeating the whole space. It also introduce an extra force in Lorentz complex force.…

A recently found (gr-qc/0303036) 2-index, symmetric, trace-free, divergence-free tensor is introduced for arbitrary source-free electromagnetic fields. The tensor can be constructed for any test Maxwell field in Einstein spaces (including…

We show that in the new description, Dirac's ``current vector'' is not related to a vector but to a tensor: the ``stress-energy tensor.'' Corresponding to Dirac's conservation law, we have the conservation laws of momentum and energy. The…

We discuss conservation laws for gravity theories invariant under general coordinate and local Lorentz transformations. We demonstrate the possibility to formulate these conservation laws in many covariant and noncovariant(ly looking) ways.…

We study the conserved quantity associated with the dual symmetry of the Maxwell equations, called the optical helicity, by means of transverse Hertz vectors. In the presence of charges, its evolution yields the integral of…

Several mechanisms have been proposed to generate primordial magnetic fields and it is often assumed that magnetic fields are not affected by a sharp drop in ionization rate due to the cosmic recombination. We investigate the validity of…

Maxwell defined a true or total current in a way not widely used today. He said "... true electric current ... is not the same thing as the current of conduction but that the time-variation of the electric displacement must be taken into…

The ``standard'' expressions for total energy, linear momentum and also angular momentum of asymptotically flat Bondi metrics at null infinity are also obtained from differential conservation laws on asymptotically flat backgrounds, derived…

We give a detailed description of electrodynamics as an emergent theory from condensed-matter-like structures, not only {\it per se} but also as a warm-up for the study of the much more complex case of gravity. We will concentrate on two…

We study the possibility of the existence of the electric current, formed by massive electrons and positrons, flowing along an external magnetic field. The charged fermions are supposed to have nonzero anomalous magnetic moments and…

We consider the forces acting on electrons in magnetic field including the constraints and a condition arising from quantum mechanics. The force is calculated as the electron mass, $m_e$, multiplied by the total time-derivative of the…

Nonlinear energy-conserving drift-fluid equations that are suitable to describe self-consistent finite-beta low-frequency electromagnetic (drift-Alfven) turbulent fluctuations in a nonuniform, anisotropic, magnetized plasma are derived from…

The study rederives the fundamental equations of fluid flow and examines the inherent relationship between momentum conservation and mechanical energy conservation. It is shown that the material derivative of velocity is to depict the…

Maxwell's equations cannot describe a homogeneous and isotropic universe with a uniformly distributed net charge, because the electromagnetic field tensor in such a universe must be vanishing everywhere. For a closed universe with a nonzero…

We find general non-linear lagrangians of a U(1) field invariant under electric-magnetic duality. They are characterized by an arbitrary function and go to the Maxwell theory in the weak field limit. We give some explicit examples which are…

In Maxwell's equations, the electric field can be expressed as the sum of the Coulombic field associated with the electric charge and the induced field associated with the time variation of the magnetic field from Faraday's law. The same…