相关论文: Gauge Invariance in Classical Electrodynamics

The problems of Classical Electrodynamics with the electron equation of motion and with non-integrable singularity of its self-field stress tensor are well known. They are consequences, we show, of neglecting terms that are null off the…

Any metric theory of gravity whose interaction with quantum particles is described by a covariant wave equation is equivalent to a vector theory that satisfies Maxwell-type equations identically. This result does not depend on any…

Phenomena in gauge theory are often described in the physics literature via a specific choice of gauge. In foundational and philosophical discussions this is often criticized as introducing gauge dependence, and contrasted against (often…

Gauge invariance is the basis of the modern theory of electroweak and strong interactions (the so called Standard Model). The roots of gauge invariance go back to the year 1820 when electromagnetism was discovered and the first…

The Maxwell equations in the presence of sources are first derived without making use of the potentials and the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for classical electrodynamics is written down. The manifestly gauge invariant theory is then quantized…

In an exact quantum-mechanical framework, we show that expectation values of the second-quantized electro-magnetic fields in the Coulomb gauge, and in the presence of classical sources, automatically lead to causal and retarded…

Starting from covariant expressions, a gauge independent separation of orbital and spin angular momentum for electrodynamics is presented. This results from the non-symmetric canonical energy momentum tensor of the electromagnetic field.…

We develop a gauge theory of the combined gravitational-electromagnetic field by expanding the Poincar\'e group to include clock synchronization transformations. We show that the electromagnetic field can be interpreted as a local gauge…

It has been known for a long time that the presence of torsion is in conflict with gauge invariance of the the electromagnetic field in curved Riemann-Cartan space if the Maxwell field is minimally coupled to the curved gravitational space…

In this and companion papers, we show that quantum field theories with gauge symmetries permit a broader class of classical dynamics than typically assumed. In this article, we show that the quantization of electromagnetism permits the…

We show that there exists a choice of gauge in which the electromagnetic 4-potential may be written as the difference of two 4-velocity vector fields describing the motion of a two-component space-filling relativistic fluid. Maxwell's…

Quantum field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. However it is well known that when certain quantities are calculated using perturbation theory the results are not gauge invariant. The non-gauge invariant terms have to be removed in…

We introduce a new version of non-linear electrodynamics which is produced by a spontaneous symmetry breaking of Lorentz invariance induced by the non-zero expectation value of the electromagnetic field strength. The symmetry breaking…

We show that Maxwell's electrodynamics in vacuum is invariant under active transformations of the metric. These metrics are related by disformal mappings induced by derivatives of the gauge vector $A_{\mu}$ such that the gauge symmetry is…

The fallacies associated with the gauge concept in electromagnetism are illustrated. A clearer and more valid formulation of the basics of classical electromagnetism is provided by recognizing existing physical constraints as well as the…

Complementing a study which was published in this journal in 2005, we present explicit calculations of fields predicted by Maxwell's equations both in Lorenz and in Coulomb gauge. Analytic expressions are obtainable, when the source of the…

Recent experimental results on slow light heighten interest in nonlinear Maxwell theories. We obtain Galilei covariant equations for electromagnetism by allowing special nonlinearities in the constitutive equations only, keeping Maxwell's…

The proof of gauge invariance of the quantum electrodynamics of photons and electrons does not apply directly to the quantum electrodynamics of photons, electrons, and nuclei because multi-electron atoms belong to the space of asymptotic…

The possibility of an incompletness of the equations of electromagnetism is analyzed using a thought experiment that shows a non-physical behavior according to classical electromagnetism. Basically, from Maxwell equations it is shown that a…

The Maxwell's electromagnetic equations are isomorphic to the motion equation of a linear elastic continuum which is hard to compression though liable to shear deformation. The Coulomb gauge expresses the medium incompressibility. The…