相关论文: Gauge Invariance in Classical Electrodynamics
This article discusses and explains the Hamiltonian formulation for a class of simple gauge invariant mechanical systems consisting of point masses and idealized rods. The study of these models may be helpful to advanced undergraduate or…
The article contains a review and new results of some mathematical models relevant to the interpretation of quantum mechanics and emulating well-known quantum gauge theories, such as scalar electrodynamics (Klein-Gordon-Maxwell…
For the description of observables and states of a quantum system, it may be convenient to use a canonical Weyl algebra of which only a subalgebra $\mathcal A$, with a non-trivial center $\mathcal Z$, describes observables, the other Weyl…
In a previous work and in terms of an exact quantum-mechanical framework, $\hbar$-independent causal and retarded expectation values of the second-quantized electro-magnetic fields in the Coulomb gauge were derived in the presence of a…
Properties of pure gauge theories in thermal equilibrium as calculated via standard functional integral treatments are mathematically identical to ground state properties of a theory with spatially-periodic boundary conditions imposed on…
Interactions of gauge-invariant systems are severely constrained by several consistency requirements. One is the preservation of the number of gauge symmetries, another is causal propagation. For lower-spin fields, the emphasis is usually…
The association of broken symmetries with phase transitions is ubiquitous in condensed matter physics: crystals break translational symmetry, magnets break rotational symmetry, and superconductors break gauge symmetry. However, despite the…
Gauge invariance of scalar perturbations is studied together with the associated equations of motion. Extending methods developed in the framework of hamiltonian General Relativity, the Hamilton-Jacobi equation is investigated into the…
The question of gauge-covariance in the non-Abelian gauge-field formulation of two space-dimensional systems with spin-orbit coupling relevant to spintronics is investigated. Although, these are generally gauge-fixed models, it is found…
A review of old inconsistencies of Classical Electrodynamics (CED) and of some new ideas that solve them is presented. Problems with causality violating solutions of the wave equation and of the electron equation of motion, and problems…
The use of gyrokinetics, wherein phase-space coordinate transformations result in a phase-space dimensionality reduction as well as the removal of fast time scales, has enabled the simulation of microturbulence in fusion devices. The…
We aim to give a pedagogical introduction to those elementary aspects of superconductivity which are not treated in the classic textbooks. In particular, we emphasize that global U(1) phase rotation symmetry, and not gauge symmetry, is…
We describe explicitly how entanglement between quantum mechanical subsystems can lead to emergent gauge symmetry in a classical limit. We first provide a precise characterisation of when it is consistent to treat a quantum subsystem…
We address three issues. i. The point particle assumption, inherent to non-quantum physics, is singular and entails divergent fields and integrals. ii. In quantum physics EM plays an asymmetric roll. It acts on quantum wave fields (wave…
It is shown that all of the basic properties of the hydrogen atom can be consistently described in terms of classical electrodynamics instead of taking the electron to be a particle; we consider an electrically charged classical wave field,…
In this and a companion paper, we show that quantum field theories with gauge symmetries permit a broader class of classical dynamics than typically assumed. In this article, we show that the dynamics extracted from the path integral or…
The construction of conformally invariant gauge conditions for Maxwell and Einstein theories on a manifold M is found to involve two basic ingredients. First, covariant derivatives of a linear gauge (e.g. Lorenz or de Donder), completely…
In particle physics, the fundamental forces are subject to symmetries called gauge invariance. It is a redundancy in the mathematical description of any physical system. In this article I will demonstrate that the transformer architecture…
When computing the properties of reactions involving unstable charged particles care has to be taken to use a gauge invariant amplitude. In this talk we present methods to (automatically) obtain such an amplitude, both at the tree level and…
A fully relativistically covariant and manifestly gauge invariant formulation of classical Maxwell electrodynamics is presented, purely in terms of gauge invariant potentials without entailing any gauge fixing. We show that the…