相关论文: Notes on the Third Law of Thermodynamics.I
We investigate thermodynamics of apparent horizon in the $f(Q)$ universe with trivial and nontrivial connections. We first explore the perspectives of the first law, generalized second law and $P-V$ phase transition with trivial connection.…
Starting from a formulation for the $dS$ element that includes movement, and considering the variation of the entropy Lorentz invariant, we found the relativistic transformations for thermodynamic systems that satisfy the three laws of…
Using the first law of thermodynamics, we propose a relation between the system entropy ($S$) and its IR ($L$) and UV ($\Lambda$) cutoffs. In addition, applying this relation to the apparent horizon of flat FRW universe, whose entropy meets…
Phase transitions impose topological constraints on thermodynamic state variables, masking energetic fluctuations at the phase boundary. This constraint is most apparent in melting systems, where temperature remains pinned despite continued…
The second law of thermodynamics constitutes a fundamental principle of physics, precluding the existence of perpetual motion machines and providing a natural definition of the arrow of time. Its scope extends across virtually all areas of…
We study dynamic cooling, where an externally driven two-level system is cooled via reservoir, a quantum system with initial canonical equilibrium state. We obtain explicitly the minimal possible temperature $T_{\rm min}>0$ reachable for…
Picking up the threads on a recent proposal [arXiv:1903.08668], we show how to formulate consistent thermodynamics of Lorentzian Taub-NUT spacetimes in the presence of electric and magnetic charges. Namely, with an entropy identified with a…
The logarithmic triplet model W_2,3 at c=0 is studied. In particular, we determine the fusion rules of the irreducible representations from first principles, and show that there exists a finite set of representations, including all…
Theory and experiment have long discussed negative thermodynamic pressure states, but their microscopic origins are unclear. I address this problem within the framework of quantum thermodynamics. I show that the pressure exerted on the…
The problem of temperature in nonextensive statistical mechanics is studied. Considering the first law of thermodynamics and a "quasi-reversible process", it is shown that the Tsallis entropy becomes the Clausius entropy if the inverse of…
The microscopic explanation of entropy has been challenged from both experimental and theoretical point of view. The expression of entropy is derived from the first law of thermodynamics indicating that entropy or the second law of…
The third law of thermodynamics forbids cooling a physical system to absolute zero in a finite number of operational steps. Although this unattainability principle has been quantified for specific state-to-state transitions, a universal,…
In our recent letter [1] we discussed that thermodynamics is violated in quantum Brownian motion beyond the weak coupling limit. In his comment, Tasaki [2] derives an inequality for the relative entropy and claims, without making any…
From a new rigorous formulation of the general axiomatic foundations of thermodynamics we derive an operational definition of entropy that responds to the emergent need in many technological frameworks to understand and deploy thermodynamic…
A minimal model of a quantum refrigerator (QR), i.e. a periodically phase-flipped two-level system permanently coupled to a finite-capacity bath (cold bath) and an infinite heat dump (hot bath), is introduced and used to investigate the…
A general diffuse interface model with a realistic equation of state (e.g. Peng-Robinson equation of state) is proposed to describe the multi-component two-phase fluid flow based on the principles of the NVT-based framework which is a…
The second law of thermodynamics is discussed and reformulated from a quantum information theoretic perspective for open quantum systems using relative entropy. Specifically, the relative entropy of a quantum state with respect to…
After Helmholtz, the mechanical foundation of thermodynamics included the First Law $d E = \delta Q + \delta W$, and the first part of the Clausius heat theorem $\delta Q^\text{rev}/T = dS$. The resulting invariance of the entropy $S$ for…
It exists a large class of systems for which the traditional notion of extensivity breaks down. From experimental examples we induce two general hypothesis concerning such systems. In the first the existence of an internal coordinate system…
Entropy is the distinguishing and most important concept of our efforts to understand and regularize our observations of a very large class of natural phenomena, and yet, it is one of the most contentious concepts of physics. In this…