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We consider the a priori traveling repairman problem, which is a stochastic version of the classic traveling repairman problem (also called the traveling deliveryman or minimum latency problem). Given a metric $(V,d)$ with a root $r\in V$,…

We consider the online traveling salesman problem on the real line (OLTSPL) in which a salesman begins at the origin, traveling at no faster than unit speed along the real line, and wants to serve a sequence of requests, arriving online…

We present a new approximation algorithm for the (metric) prize-collecting traveling salesperson problem (PCTSP). In PCTSP, opposed to the classical traveling salesperson problem (TSP), one may not include a vertex of the input graph in the…

The travelling salesman problem (TSP) is a popular NP-hard-combinatorial optimization problem that requires finding the optimal way for a salesman to travel through different cities once and return to the initial city. The existing methods…

In this paper, an iterative algorithm is designed to compute the sparse graphs for traveling salesman problem (TSP) according to the frequency quadrilaterals so that the computation time of the algorithms for TSP will be lowered. At each…

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is one of the most prominent combinatorial optimization problems. Given a complete graph G = (V, E) and non-negative distances d for every edge, the TSP asks for a shortest tour through all vertices with…

Given a graph whose arc traversal times vary over time, the Time-Dependent Travelling Salesman Problem consists in finding a Hamiltonian tour of least total duration covering the vertices of the graph. The main goal of this work is to…

In the Bounded Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem (BMTSP), a tour for each salesman, that starts and ends at the depot and that respects the bounds on the number of cities that a feasible salesman tour should satisfy, is to be constructed.…

Starting with M(a), an n X n asymmetric cost matrix, Jonker and Volgenannt transformed it into a 2n X 2n symmetric cost matrix, M(s)where M(s) has unusual properties. One such property is that an optimal tour in M(s) yields an optimal tour…

The $k$-Opt heuristic is a simple improvement heuristic for the Traveling Salesman Problem. It starts with an arbitrary tour and then repeatedly replaces $k$ edges of the tour by $k$ other edges, as long as this yields a shorter tour. We…

We present an approximation algorithm for the Prize-collecting Ordered Traveling Salesman Problem (PCOTSP), which simultaneously generalizes the Prize-collecting TSP and the Ordered TSP. The Prize-collecting TSP is well-studied and has a…

Traveling salesman problem is a NP-hard problem. Until now, researchers have not found a polynomial time algorithm for traveling salesman problem. Among the existing algorithms, dynamic programming algorithm can solve the problem in time…

This paper presents a novel and efficient heuristic framework for approximating the solutions to the multiple traveling salesmen problem (m-TSP) and other variants on the TSP. The approach adopted in this paper is an extension of the…

We show that the problem of counting the number of 2-optimal tours in instances of the Travelling Salesperson Problem (TSP) on complete graphs is #P-complete. In addition, we show that the expected number of 2-optimal tours in random…

A fundamental variant of the classical traveling salesman problem (TSP) is the so-called multiple TSP (mTSP), where a set of $m$ salesmen jointly visit all cities from a set of $n$ cities. The mTSP models many important real-life…

In the bipartite travelling salesman problem (BTSP), we are given $n=2k$ cities along with an $n\times n$ distance matrix and a partition of the cities into $k$ red and $k$ blue cities. The task is to find a shortest tour which alternately…

If one places N cities on a continuum in an unit area, extensive numerical results and their analysis (scaling, etc.) suggest that the best normalized optimal travel distance becomes 0.72 for the Euclidean metric and 0.92 for the Manhattan…

We present approximation algorithms for almost all variants of the multi-criteria traveling salesman problem (TSP). First, we devise randomized approximation algorithms for multi-criteria maximum traveling salesman problems (Max-TSP). For…

The profitable tour problem (PTP) is a well-known NP-hard routing problem searching for a tour visiting a subset of customers while maximizing profit as the difference between total revenue collected and traveling costs. PTP is known to be…

The Traveling salesman problem (TSP) is proved to be NP-complete in most cases. The genetic algorithm (GA) is one of the most useful algorithms for solving this problem. In this paper a conventional GA is compared with an improved hybrid GA…