相关论文: Computing A Glimpse of Randomness
The halting probability of a Turing machine,also known as Chaitin's Omega, is an algorithmically random number with many interesting properties. Since Chaitin's seminal work, many popular expositions have appeared, mainly focusing on the…
The halting probability of a Turing machine is the probability that the machine will halt if it starts with a random stream written on its one-way input tape. When the machine is universal, this probability is referred to as Chaitin's omega…
Chaitin [G. J. Chaitin, J. Assoc. Comput. Mach., vol.22, pp.329-340, 1975] introduced \Omega number as a concrete example of random real. The real \Omega is defined as the probability that an optimal computer halts, where the optimal…
Chaitin's number Omega is the halting probability of a universal prefix-free machine, and although it depends on the underlying enumeration of prefix-free machines, it is always Turing-complete. It can be observed, in fact, that for every…
In 1975 Chaitin introduced his \Omega number as a concrete example of random real. The real \Omega is defined based on the set of all halting inputs for an optimal prefix-free machine U, which is a universal decoding algorithm used to…
In 1975, Chaitin introduced his celebrated Omega number, the halting probability of a universal Chaitin machine, a universal Turing machine with a prefix-free domain. The Omega number's bits are {\em algorithmically random}--there is no…
A fruitful way of obtaining meaningful, possibly concrete, algorithmically random numbers is to consider a potential behaviour of a Turing machine and its probability with respect to a measure (or semi-measure) on the input space of binary…
It would be a heavenly reward if there were a method of weighing theories and sentences in such a way that a theory could never prove a heavier sentence (Chaitin's Heuristic Principle). Alas, no satisfactory measure has been found so far,…
This paper proposes an extension of Chaitin's halting probability \Omega to a measurement operator in an infinite dimensional quantum system. Chaitin's \Omega is defined as the probability that the universal self-delimiting Turing machine U…
Consider a universal Turing machine that produces a partial or total function (or a binary stream), based on the answers to the binary queries that it makes during the computation. We study the probability that the machine will produce a…
We introduce the zeta number, natural halting probability and natural complexity of a Turing machine and we relate them to Chaitin's Omega number, halting probability, and program-size complexity. A classification of Turing machines…
We prove that every computably enumerable (c.e.) random real is provable in Peano Arithmetic (PA) to be c.e. random. A major step in the proof is to show that the theorem stating that "a real is c.e. and random iff it is the halting…
We answer two questions posed by Castro and Cucker, giving the exact complexities of two decision problems about cardinalities of omega-languages of Turing machines. Firstly, it is $D_2(\Sigma_1^1)$-complete to determine whether the…
We investigate the continuous function $f$ defined by $$x\mapsto \sum_{\sigma\le_L x }2^{-K(\sigma)}$$ as a variant of Chaitin's Omega from the perspective of analysis, computability, and algorithmic randomness. Among other results, we…
A real number \alpha is called recursively enumerable if there exists a computable, increasing sequence of rational numbers which converges to \alpha. The randomness of a recursively enumerable real \alpha can be characterized in various…
We describe an alternative method (to compression) that combines several theoretical and experimental results to numerically approximate the algorithmic (Kolmogorov-Chaitin) complexity of all $\sum_{n=1}^82^n$ bit strings up to 8 bits long,…
The aim of this expository paper is to present a nice series of results, obtained in the papers of Chaitin (1976), Solovay (1975), Calude et al. (1998), Kucera and Slaman (2001). This joint effort led to a full characterization of lower…
We show in this article that uncomputability is also a relative property of subrecursive classes built on a recursive relative incompressible function, which acts as a higher-order "yardstick" of irreducible information for the respective…
The halting probabilities of universal prefix-free machines are universal for the class of reals with computably enumerable left cut (also known as left-c.e. reals), and coincide with the Martin-Loef random elements of this class. We study…
In this paper we present a mathematical formulation for the omega invariant of a numerical semigroup for each of its minimal generators. The model consists of solving a problem of optimizing a linear function over the efficient set of a…