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The finite spectrum of a first-order sentence is the set of positive integers that are the sizes of its models. The class of finite spectra is known to be the same as the complexity class NE. We consider the spectra obtained by limiting…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2023-06-22 Anuj Dawar , Eryk Kopczyński

The square of a connected graph $G$ is obtained from $G$ by adding an edge between every pair of vertices at distance $2$. In this paper we give some upper or lower bounds for the spectral radius of the square of connected graphs, trees and…

组合数学 · 数学 2014-04-30 Yi-Zheng Fan , Long Wang

This paper surveys some recent results and progress on the extremal prob- lems in a given set consisting of all simple connected graphs with the same graphic degree sequence. In particular, we study and characterize the extremal graphs…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-10-08 Xiao-Dong Zhang

Research on the relationship of the (signless Laplacian) spectral radius of a graph with its structure properties is an important research project in spectral graph theory. Denote by $\rho(G)$ and $q(G)$ the spectral radius and the signless…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-08-30 Zhiwen Wang , Ji-Ming Guo

A set $S$ of vertices in a graph is an open packing if (open) neighborhoods of any two distinct vertices in $S$ are disjoint. In this paper, we consider the graphs that have a unique maximum open packing. We characterize the trees with this…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-01-29 Boštjan Brešar , Kirsti Kuenzel , Douglas F. Rall

A spectral characterization of the matching number (the size of a maximum matching) of a graph is given. More precisely, it is shown that the graphs G of order n whose matching number is k are precisely those graphs with the maximum skew…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-02-12 Keivan Hassani Monfared , Sudipta Mallik

The $\alpha$-spectral radius of a connected graph $G$ is the spectral radius of $A_\alpha$-matrix of $G$. In this paper, we discuss the methods for comparing $\alpha$-spectral radius of graphs. As applications, we characterize the graphs…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-06-18 F. F. Wang , H. Y. Shan , Y. Y. Zhai

An independent dominating set of a graph, also known as a maximal independent set, is a set $S$ of pairwise non-adjacent vertices such that every vertex not in $S$ is adjacent to some vertex in $S$. We prove that for $\Delta=4$ or…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-11-30 Eun-Kyung Cho , Jinha Kim , Minki Kim , Sang-il Oum

The problems of maximizing the spectral radius and the number of spanning trees in a class of bipartite graphs with certain degree constraints are considered. In both the problems, the optimal graph is conjectured to be a Ferrers graph.…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-09-28 Ravindra Bapat

The \emph{distance-number} of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of distinct edge-lengths over all straight-line drawings of $G$ in the plane. This definition generalises many well-known concepts in combinatorial geometry. We consider the…

组合数学 · 数学 2008-09-09 Paz Carmi , Vida Dujmović , Pat Morin , David R. Wood

We prove that if a graph has a tree-decomposition of width at most w, then it has a tree-decomposition of width at most w with certain desirable properties. We will use this result in a subsequent paper to show that every 2-connected graph…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-04-17 Thanh N. Dang , Robin Thomas

Let $k\geq2$ be an integer. A tree $T$ is called a $k$-tree if $d_T(v)\leq k$ for each $v\in V(T)$, that is, the maximum degree of a $k$-tree is at most $k$. Let $\lambda_1(D(G))$ denote the distance spectral radius in $G$, where $D(G)$…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-07-22 Sizhong Zhou , Jiancheng Wu

The rank of a graph is defined to be the rank of its adjacency matrix. A graph is called reduced if it has no isolated vertices and no two vertices with the same set of neighbors. A reduced graph $G$ is said to be maximal if any reduced…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-10-09 H. Esmailian , E. Ghorbani , S. Hossein Ghorban , G. B. Khosrovshahi

For a degree sequence, we define the set of edges that appear in every labeled realization of that sequence as forced, while the edges that appear in none as forbidden. We examine structure of graphs whose degree sequences contain either…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-11-28 Brian Cloteaux

We obtain the maximum sum-connectivity indices of graphs in the set of trees and in the set of unicyclic graphs respectively with given number of vertices and maximum degree, and determine the corresponding extremal graphs. Additionally, we…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-10-19 Zhibin Du , Bo Zhou , Nenad Trinajstic

The spectrum of a graph is closely related to many graph parameters. In particular, the spectral gap of a regular graph which is the difference between its valency and second eigenvalue, is widely seen an algebraic measure of connectivity…

In this paper we investigate the hypergraphs whose spectral radii attain the maximum among all uniform hypergraphs with given number of edges. In particular we characterize the hypergraph(s) with maximum spectral radius over all unicyclic…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-09-07 Yi-Zheng Fan , Ying-Ying Tan , Xi-Xi Peng , An-Hong Liu

The Wiener index of a connected graph is the sum of topological distances between all pairs of vertices. Since Wang gave a mistake result on the maximum Wiener index for given tree degree sequence, in this paper, we investigate the maximum…

组合数学 · 数学 2009-07-23 Xiao-Dong Zhang , Yong Liu , Min-Xian Han

A matching $M$ in a graph $G$ is acyclic if the subgraph of $G$ induced by the set of vertices that are incident to an edge in $M$ is a forest. We prove that every graph with $n$ vertices, maximum degree at most $\Delta$, and no isolated…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-02-11 Julien Baste , Maximilian Fürst , Dieter Rautenbach

Classes of graphs with bounded expansion are a generalization of both proper minor closed classes and degree bounded classes. Such classes are based on a new invariant, the greatest reduced average density (grad) of G with rank r,…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 Jaroslav Nesetril , Patrice Ossona De Mendez