相关论文: Balanced Leonard Pairs

Fix an integer $d \geq 0$, a field $\mathbb{F}$, and a vector space $V$ over $\mathbb{F}$ with dimension $d+1$. By a decomposition of $V$ we mean a sequence $\{V_i\}_{i=0}^d$ of $1$-dimensional $\mathbb{F}$-subspaces of $V$ such that $V =…

A Leonard pair is a pair of diagonalizable linear transformations of a finite-dimensional vector space, each of which acts in an irreducible tridiagonal fashion on an eigenbasis for the other one. Let $\mathbb F$ denote an algebraically…

It is known that if $(A,B)$ is a Leonard pair, then the linear transformations $A$, $B$ satisfy the Askey-Wilson relations A^2 B - b A B A + B A^2 - g (A B+B A) - r B = h A^2 + w A + e I, B^2 A - b B A B + A B^2 - h (A B+B A) - s A = g B^2…

Let $V$ be a braided vector space of diagonal type. Let $\mathfrak B(V)$, $\mathfrak L^-(V)$ and $\mathfrak L(V)$ be the Nichols algebra, Nichols Lie algebra and Nichols braided Lie algebra over $V$, respectively. We show that a monomial…

A tridiagonal pair is an ordered pair of diagonalizable linear maps on a nonzero finite-dimensional vector space, that each act on the eigenspaces of the other in a block-tridiagonal fashion. We consider a tridiagonal pair $(A, A^*)$ of…

Let $\mathbb{K}$ denote a field and let $\mathfrak{X}$ denote a finite non-empty set. Let $\text{Mat}_\mathfrak{X}(\mathbb{K})$ denote the $\mathbb{K}$-algebra consisting of the matrices with entries in $\mathbb{K}$ and rows and columns…

Let $K$ denote an algebraically closed field with characteristic 0 and let $V$ denote a vector space over $K$ with finite positive dimension. Let $A,A^*$ denote a tridiagonal pair on $V$ with diameter $d$. We say that $A,A^*$ has Krawtchouk…

We prove that for any $K$ and $d$, there exist, for all sufficiently large admissible $v$, a pairwise balanced design PBD$(v,K)$ of dimension $d$ for which all $d$-point-generated flats are bounded by a constant independent of $v$. We also…

We introduce and discuss an Erd\H{o}s-Ko-Rado basis for the underlying vector space of a Leonard system $\Phi = (A; A^*; \{E_i\}_{i=0}^d ; \{E_i^* \}_{i=0}^d)$ that satisfies a mild condition on the eigenvalues of $A$ and $A^*$. We describe…

Let $\mathbb F$ denote a field, and let $V$ denote a vector space over $\mathbb F$ with finite positive dimension. We consider an ordered pair of $\mathbb F$-linear maps $A: V \to V$ and $A^*:V\to V$ such that (i) each of $A,A^*$ is…

Given an arbitrary field K and non-zero scalars a and b, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for a matrix A in M_n(K) to be a linear combination of two idempotents with coefficients a and b. This extends results previously obtained…

We show that the K_1 group of a C*-algebra $A$ can be defined as homotopy classes of pairs, called balanced, of not necessarily unitary matrices over $A$ that have equal defects from being unitary. We also consider pairs of order zero…

Fix a nonnegative integer $d$, a field $\mathbb{F}$, and a vector space $V$ over $\mathbb{F}$ with dimension $d+1$. Let $T$ denote an invertible upper triangular matrix in ${\rm Mat}_{d+1}(\mathbb{F})$. Using $T$ we construct three flags on…

This paper is about three classes of objects: Leonard triples, distance-regular graphs and the modules for the anticommutator spin algebra. Let $\K$ denote an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. Let $V$ denote a vector space…

Let $d$ denote a nonnegative integer and let $\mathbb{F}$ denote a field. Let $V$ denote a $d+1$ dimensional vector space over $\mathbb{F}$. Given an ordering $\{\theta_i\}_{i=0}^d$ of the eigenvalues of a multiplicity-free linear map $A: V…

The dual Hahn polynomials $\{u_i(x)\}_{i=0}^d$ are a family of discrete orthogonal polynomials involving two real parameters $r$ and $s$. Let $L,L^*$ denote the corresponding Leonard pair. Assume that $r\not=0$ and $r+s=0$. We show that…

A signed graph is a graph with edges marked positive and negative; it is unbalanced if some cycle has negative sign product. We introduce the concept of vector valued switching function in signed graphs, which extends the concept of…

In this paper we further develop the connection between tridiagonal pairs and the q-tetrahedron algebra $\boxtimes_q$. Let V denote a finite dimensional vector space over an algebraically closed field and let A, A^* denote a tridiagonal…

Lax pairs are a useful tool in finding conserved quantities of some dynamical systems. In this expository article, we give a motivated introduction to the idea of a Lax pair of matrices $(L,A)$, first for mechanical systems such as the…

It is well-known that Leonard pairs have a close connection with bispectral orthogonal polynomials of the Askey scheme. In this paper, we introduce the notion of a Leonard trio $(V,\oV,Z)$, an algebraic structure extending Leonard pairs,…