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In this paper we discuss, from a historical and philosophical point of view, a variation of the meaning of the five postulates in Euclidean Geometry and we make a short reference to D. Hilberts formalism. We examine, throughout the ages,…

历史与综述 · 数学 2022-11-10 Ioannis Rizos , Nikolaos Gkrekas

By "parallelogram geometry" we mean the elementary, "commutative", geometry corresponding to vector addition, and by "trapezoid geometry" a certain "non-commutative deformation" of the former. This text presents an elementary approach via…

历史与综述 · 数学 2013-05-30 Wolfgang Bertram

We revisit the task of learning a Euclidean metric from data. We approach this problem from first principles and formulate it as a surprisingly simple optimization problem. Indeed, our formulation even admits a closed form solution. This…

机器学习 · 统计学 2016-07-19 Pourya Habib Zadeh , Reshad Hosseini , Suvrit Sra

A hard hadron-collider event is treated here as a single geometric object - the kinematics and the discrete object-type labels of all reconstructed final-state particles encoded in one multivector $\evMV\in\Cl(1,3)\otimes\Vflav$ - rather…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2026-05-18 E. Abasov , L. Dudko , F. Grigoryev , P. Volkov , A. Zaborenko

We give a survey of algorithms for computing topological invariants of semi-algebraic sets with special emphasis on the more recent developments in designing algorithms for computing the Betti numbers of semi-algebraic sets. Aside from…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2007-09-17 Saugata Basu

This work concludes a series of four papers on the foundational theory of orbifolds and stacks. We apply the abstract theory, developed in its predecessors, to orbifolds derived from manifolds. Specifically, we show how the very concrete…

范畴论 · 数学 2008-02-03 Paul Feit

In this paper we present the set of intervals as a normed vector space. We define also a four-dimensional associative algebra whose product gives the product of intervals in any cases. This approach allows to give a notion of divisibility…

数值分析 · 计算机科学 2009-10-22 Nicolas Goze , Elisabeth Remm

The topics of Convexity and Concavity and Envelopes are central in Complex Analysis and extensively investigated. The aim of this paper is to find a possible counterpart in Algebraic Geometry. The article presents preliminary results on…

复变函数 · 数学 2025-11-12 Giuseppe Tomassini

In this article, I develop an elementary system of axioms for Euclidean geometry. On one hand, the system is based on the symmetry principles which express our a priori ignorant approach to space: all places are the same to us (the…

历史与综述 · 数学 2021-06-01 Boris Čulina

Geometric mechanics is usually studied in applied mathematics and most introductory texts are hence aimed at a mathematically minded audience. The present note tries to provide the intuition of geometric mechanics and to show the relevance…

数学物理 · 物理学 2012-06-18 Christian Lessig

This note is an expanded and updated version of our entry with the same title for the 2006 Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics. We give a brief overview of graded Poisson algebras, their main properties and their main applications, in the…

辛几何 · 数学 2025-03-14 Alberto S. Cattaneo , Domenico Fiorenza , Riccardo Longoni

The Separation of Variables theory for the Hamilton-Jacobi equation is 'by definition' related to the use of special kinds of coordinates, for example Jacobi coordinates on the ellipsoid or St\"ackel systems in the Euclidean space. However,…

数学物理 · 物理学 2009-07-20 Giovanni Rastelli

We give an introduction to the study of algebraic hypersurfaces, focusing on the problem of when two hypersurfaces are isomorphic or close to being isomorphic. Working with hypersurfaces and emphasizing examples makes it possible to discuss…

代数几何 · 数学 2018-10-09 János Kollár

Geometric models have emerged as an important tool in the representation theory of algebras. Surface models associated to gentle algebras have been particularly fruitful in advancing our understanding of their module and derived categories.…

表示论 · 数学 2026-01-22 Sibylle Schroll

Lecture notes of an algebraic geometry graduate course. The topics covered are as follows. Cohomology: ext sheaves and groups, cohomology with support, local cohomology, local duality. Duality: relative duality, Cohen-Macaulay schemes.…

代数几何 · 数学 2011-04-28 Caucher Birkar

We define and investigate a geometric object, called an associative geometry, corresponding to an associative algebra (and, more generally, to an associative pair). Associative geometries combine aspects of Lie groups and of generalized…

环与代数 · 数学 2010-05-19 Wolfgang Bertram , Michael Kinyon

We define and investigate a geometric object, called an associative geometry, corresponding to an associative algebra (and, more generally, to an associative pair). Associative geometries combine aspects of Lie groups and of generalized…

环与代数 · 数学 2010-05-31 Wolfgang Bertram , Michael Kinyon

This paper is devoted to a new approach of the arithmetic of intervals. We present the set of intervals as a normed vector space. We define also a four-dimensional associative algebra whose product gives the product of intervals in any…

数值分析 · 数学 2009-10-22 Nicolas Goze , Elisabeth Remm

Geometry problem solving, a crucial aspect of mathematical reasoning, is vital across various domains, including education, the assessment of AI's mathematical abilities, and multimodal capability evaluation. The recent surge in deep…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-25 Jianzhe Ma , Wenxuan Wang , Qin Jin

The three key documents for study geometry are: 1) "The Elements" of Euclid, 2) the lecture by B. Riemann at G\"ottingen in 1854 entitled "\"Uber die Hypothesen welche der Geometrie zu Grunde liegen" (On the hypotheses which underlie…

历史与综述 · 数学 2011-11-08 Jose Ricardo Arteaga Bejarano