相关论文: Apollonian Circle Packings: Number Theory
Packing problems have been of great interest in many diverse contexts for many centuries. The optimal packing of identical objects has been often invoked to understand the nature of low temperature phases of matter. In celebrated work,…
The Circle Packing Theorem states that every planar graph can be represented as the tangency graph of a family of internally-disjoint circles. A well-known generalization is the Primal-Dual Circle Packing Theorem for 3-connected planar…
We find explicit formulas for the radii and locations of the circles in all the optimally dense packings of two, three or four equal circles on any flat torus, defined to be the quotient of the Euclidean plane by the lattice generated by…
We consider packings of congruent circles on a square flat torus, i.e., periodic (w.r.t. a square lattice) planar circle packings, with the maximal circle radius. This problem is interesting due to a practical reason - the problem of "super…
For $d\in\mathbb{N}$, a compact sphere packing of Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ is a set of spheres in $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ with disjoint interiors so that the contact hypergraph of the packing is the vertex scheme of a homogeneous…
Particle packing problems have fascinated people since the dawn of civilization, and continue to intrigue mathematicians and scientists. Resurgent interest has been spurred by the recent proof of Kepler's conjecture: the face-centered cubic…
Obtaining general relations between macroscopic properties of random assemblies, such as density, and the microscopic properties of their constituent particles, such as shape, is a foundational challenge in the study of amorphous materials.…
Packing problems, which ask how to arrange a collection of objects in space to meet certain criteria, are important in a great many physical and biological systems, where geometrical arrangements at small scales control behaviour at larger…
This is the sixth in a series of papers giving a proof of the Kepler conjecture, which asserts that the density of a packing of congruent spheres in three dimensions is never greater than $\pi/\sqrt{18}\approx 0.74048...$. This is the…
The main purpose of this article is to demonstrate three techniques for proving algebraicity statements about circle packings. We give proofs of three related theorems: (1) that every finite simple planar graph is the contact graph of a…
By a compact packing of the plane by discs, $P$, we mean a collection of closed discs in the plane with pairwise disjoint interior so that, for every disc $C\in P$, there exists a sequence of discs $D_{0},\ldots,D_{m-1}\in P$ so that each…
Discs form a compact packing of the plane if they are interior disjoint and the graph which connects the center of mutually tangent discs is triangulated. There is only one compact packing by discs all of the same size, called hexagonal…
We study Apollonian circle packings in relation to a certain rank 4 indefinite Kac-Moody root system $\Phi$. We introduce the generating function $Z(\mathbf{s})$ of a packing, an exponential series in four variables with an Apollonian…
We determine putative optimal packings of regular spherical polygons via optimization on smooth manifolds. For several cases, we establish maximality by extending the Lov\'asz theta number to Cayley graphs on the special orthogonal group…
Given an Apollonian Circle Packing $\mathcal{P}$ and a circle $C_0 = \partial B(z_0, r_0)$ in $\mathcal{P}$, color the set of disks in $\mathcal{P}$ tangent to $C_0$ red. What proportion of the concentric circle $C_{\epsilon} = \partial…
We studied the geometrical and topological rules underlying the dispositions and the size distribution of non-overlapping, polydisperse circle-packings. We found that the size distribution of circles that densely cover a plane follows the…
Descartes' circle theorem relates the curvatures of four mutually externally tangent circles, three "petal" circles around the exterior of a central circle, forming a "$3$-flower" configuration. We generalise this theorem to the case of an…
In this paper we consider the problem of packing a fixed number of identical circles inside the unit circle container, where the packing is complicated by the presence of fixed size circular prohibited areas. Here the objective is to…
If a collection of identical particles is poured into a container, different shapes will fill to different densities. But what is the shape that fills a container as close as possible to a pre-specified, desired density? We demonstrate a…
Compact packings are specific packings of spheres which can be seen as tilings and are good candidates to maximize the density. We show that the compact packings of the Euclidean space with two sizes of spheres are exactly those obtained by…