相关论文: Could Only Fermions Be Elementary?

The symmetrization postulate asserts that the state of particular species of particles can only be of one permutation symmetry type: symmetric for bosons and antisymmetric for fermions. We report some experimental results showing that pairs…

As established by Sol\`er, Quantum Theories may be formulated in real, complex or quaternionic Hilbert spaces only. St\"uckelberg provided physical reasons for ruling out real Hilbert spaces relying on Heisenberg principle. Focusing on this…

We consider the operation of contraction of unitary irreducible representations of the de Sitter group $ SO(4,1) $. It is shown that a direct sum of unitary irreducible representations of the Poincar\'{e} group with different signs of the…

In this paper we show that the nontrivial fundamental group $\pi_1 SO(3) ={\Bbb Z}_2$ for the group SO(3) of global proper rotations of a four-dimensional Euclidian space (when a spin structure is introduced preliminarily in that space)…

Quantum groups in general and the quantum Anti-de Sitter group $U_q(so(2,3))$ in particular are studied from the point of view of quantum field theory. We show that if $q$ is a suitable root of unity, there exist finite-dimensional, unitary…

The formulation of quantum theory does not comply with the notion of objective existence of elementary particles. Objective existence independent of observation implies the distinguishability of elementary particles. In other words: If…

The Standard Model with massive fermions is formulated in the isotopic Foldy-Wouthuysen representation. SU(2)xU(1) - invariance of the theory in this representation is independent of whether fermions possess mass or not, and, consequently,…

Since particle such as molecule, atom and nucleus are composite particle, it is important to recognize that physics must be invariant for both the composite particle and its constituent particles, this requirement is called particle…

In this paper, considering the linearized Einstein equation with a two-parameter family of linear covariant gauges in de Sitter spacetime, we examine possible vacuum states for the gravitons field with respect to invariance under the de…

Many reasons why quarks should be considered composite particles are found in the book Preons by D'Souza and Kalman. One reason not found in the book is that all the quarks except for the u quark decay. The electron and the electron…

The q-electroweak theory suggests a description of elementary particles as solitons labelled by the irreducible representations of SU_q(2). Since knots may also be labelled by the irreducible representations of SU_q(2), we study a model of…

Quantum field theory of space-like particles is investigated in the framework of absolute causality scheme preserving Lorentz symmetry. It is related to an appropriate choice of the synchronization procedure (definition of time). In this…

A significant part of the present work is devoted to proving that the basic elements of the particle oscillation concept either do not correspond to the principles of classical logic, or violate the energy-momentum conservation law, or…

Our main proposition is that field equations for all spins can be obtained from Casimir eigenvalue equations for Poincare group. We have already confirm that statement for massive scalar, spinor and vector fields in Ref.[1]. In the present…

In the present letter we indicate an extension of the pure gravity inverse scattering integration technique to the case when fermions (introduced on the base of supersymmetry) are present. In this way the integrability technique for simple…

In order to include massive neutrino theoretically, a new concept of the weak charges of the particles, fundamental fermions, intermediate bosons and hadrons, is introduced. A new conservation law of the weak charge is first reported.…

We recall the obstacles which seemed, long ago, to prevent supersymmetry from possibly being a fundamental symmetry of Nature. Which bosons and fermions could be related? Is spontaneous supersymmetry breaking possible? Where is the spin-1/2…

It is common practice to describe elementary particles by irreducible unitary representations of the Poincar\'e group. In the same way, multi-particle systems can be described by irreducible unitary representations of the Poincar\'e group.…

We propose a non-supersymmetric SU(5) model in which only the third family of fermions are unified. The model remedies the non-unification of the three Standard Model couplings in non-supersymmetric SU(5). It also provides a mechanism for…

There has been substantial calculational progress in the last few years for gauge theory amplitudes which involve massless four dimensional particles. One of the central ingredients in this has been the ability to keep precise track of the…