相关论文: Are Heavy Particles Boltzmann Suppressed?

It is well-known that a small system weakly coupled to a large energy bath in a total microcanonical ensemble will find itself in an (approximately) thermal state and, recently, it has been shown that, if the total state is, instead, a…

A novel method to determine the density and temperature of a system based on quantum Fermionic fluctuations is generalized to the limit where the reached temperature T is large compared to the Fermi energy {\epsilon}f . Quadrupole and…

We study general freeze-out scenarios where an arbitrary number of initial and final dark matter particles participate in the number-changing freeze-out interaction. We consider a simple sector with two particle species undergoing such a…

The highly convergent form of superfluid density in disordered conventional superconductors available in the literature and independently obtained by us following the approach of an earlier paper [Phys. Rev. B $\bm{102}$, 024514 (2020)] has…

We study the late-time dynamics of two particles confined in one spatial dimension and subject to two-body losses. The dynamics is exactly described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian that can be analytically studied both in the continuum and…

We study a system of one-dimensional electrons in the regime of strong repulsive interactions, where the spin exchange coupling J is small compared with the Fermi energy, and the conventional Tomonaga-Luttinger theory does not apply. We…

We introduce an alternative way to understand the decomposition of a quantum system into interacting parts and show that it is natural in several physical models. This enables us to define a reduced density operator for a working system…

In this Letter we study the effects of the Modified Uncertainty Principle as proposed in Ali et al. (2009) [5] in simple quantum mechanical systems and study its thermodynamic properties. We have assumed that the quantum particles follow…

Quantum dissipation in thermal environment is investigated, using the path integral approach. The reduced density matrix of the harmonic oscillator system coupled to thermal bath of oscillators is derived for arbitrary spectrum of bath…

In thermal glasses at temperatures sufficiently lower than the glass transition, the constituent particles are trapped in their cages for sufficiently long time such that their {\em time-averaged positions} can be determined before…

Time evolution of unstable particles that occur in the expanding universe is investigated. The off-shell effect not included in the Boltzmann-like equation is important for the decay process when the temperature becomes much below the mass…

It is widely believed that the underlying reality behind statistical mechanics is a deterministic and unitary time evolution of a many-particle wave function, even though this is in conflict with the irreversible, stochastic nature of…

Similarly to the derivation of the Gibbs-Boltzmann distribution for structureless indistinguishable particles, we consider multi-particle systems some of which are contained (or delimited) inside others (Problem 1), as well as systems of…

Boltzmann's Principle S = k ln W was repeatedly criticized by Einstein since it lacked a proper dynamical foundation in view of the thermal motion of the particles, out of which a physical system consists. This suggests, in particular, that…

Electron pairing at low temperatures leads to superconductivity. A fundamental question is whether more complex states - characterized by order in four-electron composite objects, termed electron quadrupling or composite order - can exist…

We investigate the normal selfenergy and the mass enhancement factor in the Hubbard model on the two-dimensional square lattice. Our purpose in this paper is to evaluate the mass enhancement factor more quantitatively than the conventional…

It is shown that a first-order relativistic perturbation theory for the open, flat or closed Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universe admits one, and only one, gauge-invariant quantity which describes the perturbation to the energy…

Boltzmann's principle is used to select the "most probable" realization (macrostate) of an isolated or closed thermodynamic system, containing a small number of particles ($N \llsp \infty$), for both classical and quantum statistics. The…

We describe a general scenario, dubbed "Inflatable Dark Matter", in which the density of dark matter particles can be reduced through a short period of late-time inflation in the early universe. The overproduction of dark matter that is…

Using the virial theorem of the heavy-quark effective theory, we show that the mixing of the operator for the heavy-quark kinetic energy with the identity operator is forbidden at the one-loop order by Lorentz invariance. This explains why…