相关论文: 3+1 Formalism and Bases of Numerical Relativity

Numerical relativity is finally approaching a state where the evolution of rather general (3+1)-dimensional data sets can be computed in order to solve the Einstein equations. After a general introduction, three topics of current interest…

The 3+1 (ADM) formulation of General Relativity is used in, for example, canonical quantum gravity and numerical relativity. Here we present a 3+1 decomposition of the minimal Standard-Model Extension gravity Lagrangian. By choosing the…

In this work, two particular orthogonal and conformal decompositions of the 3+1 dimensional Einstein equation and Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) formalism for general relativity are obtained. In order to do these, the 3+1 foliation of the…

This thesis is concerned with formulations of the Einstein equations in axisymmetric spacetimes which are suitable for numerical evolutions. We develop two evolution systems based on the (2+1)+1 formalism. The first is a (partially)…

The equations governing null and timelike geodesics are derived within the 3+1 formalism of general relativity. In addition to the particle's position, they encompass an evolution equation for the particle's energy leading to a 3+1…

The geometric trinity of gravity offers a platform in which gravity can be formulated in three analogous approaches, namely curvature, torsion and nonmetricity. In this vein, general relativity can be expressed in three dynamically…

Expanding General Relativity in the inverse speed of light, 1/c, leads to a nonrelativistic gravitational theory that extends the Post-Newtonian expansion by the inclusion of additional strong gravitational potentials. This theory has a…

This paper focuses on the imposition of boundary conditions for numerical relativity simulations of black holes. This issue is used to motivate the discussion of a new hyperbolic formulation of 3+1 general relativity. The paper will appear…

The $3+1$ formalism provides a structured approach to analyzing spacetime by separating it into spatial and temporal components. When applied to the Robertson-Walker metric, it simplifies the analysis of cosmological evolution by dividing…

Numerical Relativity is a multidisciplinary field including relativity, magneto-hydrodynamics, astrophysics and computational methods, among others, with the aim of solving numerically highly-dynamical, strong-gravity scenarios where no…

Earlier, we had presented \cite{heuristic} heuristic arguments to show that a {\em natural unification} of the ideas of the quantum theory and those underlying the general principle of relativity is achievable by way of the measure theory…

I present a covariant approach to developing 1+3 formalism without an introduction of any basis or coordinates. In the formalism, a spacetime which has a timelike congruence is assumed. Then, tensors are split into temporal and spatial…

A new formulation of what may be called the "fundamental theorem of the theory of relativity" is presented and proved in (3+1)-space-time, based on the full classification of special transformations and the corresponding velocity addition…

We discuss various aspects of the post-Newtonian approximation in general relativity. After presenting the foundation based on the Newtonian limit, we use the (3+1) formalism to formulate the post-Newtonian approximation for the perfect…

The canonical description is based on the prior choice of a spacelike foliation, hence making a reference to a spacetime metric. However, the metric is expected to be a dynamical, fluctuating quantity in quantum gravity. After presenting…

These notes summarize basic concepts underlying numerical relativity and in particular the numerical modeling of black hole dynamics as a source of gravitational waves. Main topics are the 3+1 decomposition of general relativity, the…

The computations of numerical relativity make use of (3+1)- decompositions of Einstein field equations. We examine the conceptual characteristics of this method; instances of compact-star binaries are considered. The preeminent role of the…

This thesis is a review of backreaction, which is a possible alternative to dark energy and modified gravity. We describe in detail the 3+1 covariant formalism and Frobenius' theorem. We present the averaging procedure developed by Buchert,…

Numerical relativity is an essential tool for solving Einstein's equations of general relativity for dynamical systems characterized by high velocities and strong gravitational fields. The implementation of new algorithms that can solve…

We present in this paper the formalism for the splitting of a four-dimensional Lorentzian manifold by a set of time-like integral curves. Introducing the geometrical tensors characterizing the local spatial frames induced by the congruence…