相关论文: Local existence of dynamical and trapping horizons

Marginally outer trapped surfaces (also referred to as apparent horizons) that are stable in 3-dimensional initial data sets obeying the dominant energy condition strictly are known to satisfy an area bound. The main purpose of this note is…

The present work extends our short communication Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 111102 (2005). For smooth marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTS) in a smooth spacetime we define stability with respect to variations along arbitrary vectors v normal…

In this paper, we perform a detailed investigation on the various geometrical properties of trapped surfaces and the boundaries of trapped region in general relativity. This treatment extends earlier work on LRS II spacetimes to a general 4…

We study the geometry and dynamics of both isolated and dynamical trapping horizons by considering the allowed variations of their foliating two-surfaces. This provides a common framework that may be used to consider both their possible…

We study properties of stable, strictly stable and locally outermost marginally outer trapped surfaces in spacelike hypersurfaces of spacetimes possessing certain symmetries such as isometries, homotheties and conformal Killings. We first…

We derive integral and sup-estimates for the curvature of stably marginally outer trapped surfaces in a sliced space-time. The estimates bound the shear of a marginally outer trapped surface in terms of the intrinsic and extrinsic curvature…

The boundary of the region in spacetime containing future-trapped closed surfaces is considered. In asymptotically flat spacetimes, this boundary does not need to be the event horizon nor a dynamical/trapping horizon. Some properties of…

In this paper, we study the stability of marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTS), foliating horizons of the form $r=X(\tau)$, embedded in locally rotationally symmetric class II perfect fluid spacetimes. An upper bound on the area of…

We prove that strictly stationary spacetimes cannot contain closed trapped nor marginally trapped surfaces. The result is purely geometric and holds in arbitrary dimension. Other results concerning the interplay between (generalized)…

This paper considers some fundamental questions concerning marginally trapped surfaces, or apparent horizons, in Cauchy data sets for the Einstein equation. An area estimate for outermost marginally trapped surfaces is proved. The proof…

We discuss a family of inequalities involving the area, angular momentum and charges of stably outermost marginally trapped surfaces in generic non-vacuum dynamical spacetimes, with non-negative cosmological constant and matter sources…

Eight different refinements of trapped surfaces are proposed, of three basic types, each intended as potential stability conditions. Minimal trapped surfaces are strictly minimal with respect to the dual expansion vector. Outer trapped…

As discussed in the paper, in a matter-filled spacetime, perhaps with positive cosmological constant, a stable marginally outer trapped 2-sphere must satisfy a certain area inquality. Namely, its area must be bounded above by $4\pi/c$,…

We discuss the boundary of the spacetime region through each point of which a trapped surface passes, first in some simple soluble examples, and then in the self-similar Vaidya solution. For the latter the boundary must lie strictly inside…

We give general sufficient conditions for the existence of trapped surfaces due to concentration of matter in spherically symmetric initial data sets satisfying the dominant energy condition. These results are novel in that they apply and…

It is proven that in Vaidya spacetimes of bounded total mass, the outer boundary, in spacetime, of the region containing outer trapped surfaces, is the event horizon. Further, it is shown that the region containing trapped surfaces in these…

In this paper, we introduce the notion of a marginal tube, which is a hypersurface foliated by marginal surfaces. It generalises the notion of a marginally trapped tube and several notions of black hole horizons, for example trapping…

It is a standard fact that trapped or marginally trapped surfaces are not visible from conformal infinity, under the usual set of conditions on matter fields and the conformal completion, provided that the cosmological constant is…

In this paper we prove that for any spacelike hypersurface containing an untrapped barrier in a stationary spacetime satisfying the null energy condition, any marginally outer trapped surface cannot lie in the exterior region where the…

We study the location of marginally trapped surfaces in space-times resulting from an axial deformation of static isotropic systems, and show that the Misner-Sharp mass evaluated on the corresponding undeformed spherically symmetric space…