相关论文: Shot Noise in Mesoscopic Conductors

A semiclassical theory is developed for time-dependent current fluctuations in mesoscopic conductors. The theory is based on the Boltzmann-Langevin equation for a degenerate electron gas. The low-frequency shot-noise power is related to…

Shot noise, originating from the discrete nature of electric charge, is generated by scattering processes. Shot-noise measurements have revealed microscopic charge dynamics in various quantum transport phenomena. In particular, beyond the…

A short summary of the drift-diffusion-Langevin formalism for calculating finite-frequency shot noise in diffusive conductors is presented. Two new results are included in this presentation. First, we arrive at a simple (but accurate)…

We examine critically the idea that fractional charges may carry electrical current in a conductor, much as do the normal electrons in a metallic Fermi liquid. We explore a range of issues that have gained the status of indispensability for…

Quantum shot noise probes the dynamics of charge transfers through a quantum conductor, reflecting whether quasiparticles flow across the conductor in a steady stream, or in syncopated bursts. We have performed high-sensitivity shot noise…

This is a review of shot noise, the time-dependent fluctuations in the electrical current due to the discreteness of the electron charge, in small conductors. The shot-noise power can be smaller than that of a Poisson process as a result of…

We propose a two-terminal method to measure shot noise in mesoscopic systems based on an instability in the current-voltage characteristic of an on-chip detector. The microscopic noise drives the instability, which leads to random switching…

New experiments that measure the low-frequency shot-noise spectrum at local tunneling contacts on mesoscopic structures are proposed. The current fluctuation spectrum at a single tunneling tip is determined by local partial densities of…

In this paper, we present a method to investigate the spin-current shot noise in mesoscopic conductors, by using scattering matrix theory and Green's function technique. We first derive a general expression for the spin-current noise at…

In the theory of noise processes for mesoscopic conductors, the relationship between shot noise and hot-electron noise is absolutely fundamental to understanding the underlying microscopic fluctuations. From the vantage point of orthodox…

A theory of non-equilibrium (``shot'') noise and high frequency conductance in diffusive mesoscopic conductors with screening is presented. Detailed results are obtained for two simple geometries, for both large and short electron-electron…

We present a theoretical investigation of shot-noise properties in nondegenerate elastic diffusive conductors. Both Monte Carlo simulations and analytical approaches are used. Two new phenomena are found: (i) the display of enhanced shot…

The frequency-dependent shot noise in long and narrow mesoscopic diffusive contacts is numerically calculated. The case of arbitrarily strong electron-electron scattering and zero temperature of electrodes is considered. For all voltages,…

Current fluctuations related to the discreteness of charge passing through small constrictions are termed shot noise. This unavoidable noise provides both advantages - being a direct measurement of the transmitted particles' charge, and…

We argue, physically and formally, that existing diffusive models of noise yield inaccurate microscopic descriptions of nonequilibrium current fluctuations. The theoretical shortfall becomes pronounced in quantum-confined metallic systems,…

Typical experimental measurement is set up as a study of the system's response to a stationary external excitation. This approach considers any random fluctuation of the signal as spurious contribution which is to be eliminated via…

Using the 'drift-diffusion-Langevin' equation, we have quantitatively analyzed the effects of electron energy relaxation via their interaction with phonons, generally in presence of electron-electron interaction, on shot noise in diffusive…

The fluctuation in electric current in nonequilibrium steady states is investigated by molecular dynamics simulation of macroscopically uniform conductors. At low frequencies, appropriate decomposition of the spectral intensity of current…

Fluctuations pose fundamental limitations in making sensitive measurements, yet at the same time, noise unravels properties that are inaccessible at the level of the averaged signal. In electronic devices, shot noise arises from the…

Mesoscopic systems -- small electric circuits working in quantum regime -- offer us a unique experimental stage to explorer quantum transport in a tunable and precise way. The purpose of this Review is to show how they can contribute to…