相关论文: Macroscopic Simulation of Widely Scattered Synchro…
Recently, hysteretic transitions to `synchronized traffic' with high values of both density and traffic flow were observed on German freeways [B. S. Kerner and H. Rehborn, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 4030 (1997)]. We propose a macroscopic traffic…
We present a phase diagram of the different kinds of congested traffic that are triggered by disturbances when passing ramps or other spatial inhomogeneities of a freeway. The simulation results obtained by the nonlocal, gas-kinetic-based…
We present data from several German freeways showing different kinds of congested traffic forming near road inhomogeneities, specifically lane closings, intersections, or uphill gradients. The states are localized or extended, homogeneous…
We present simulations of congested traffic in circular and open systems with a non-local, gas-kinetic-based traffic model and a novel car-following model. The model parameters are all intuitive and can be easily calibrated. Micro- and…
Traffic flow at low densities (free traffic) is characterized by a quasi-one-dimensional relation between traffic flow and vehicle density, while no such fundamental diagram exists for `synchronized' congested traffic flow. Instead, a…
We present a macroscopic model of mixed multi-lane freeway traffic that can be easily calibrated to empirical traffic data, as is shown for Dutch highway data. The model is derived from a gas-kinetic level of description, including effects…
Starting from the instability diagram of a traffic flow model, we derive conditions for the occurrence of congested traffic states, their appearance, their spreading in space and time, and the related increase in travel times. We discuss…
We present an empirical phase diagram of the congested traffic flow measured on a highway section with one effective on-ramp. Through the analysis of local density-flow relations and global spatial structure of the congested region, four…
We analyze traffic data from a highway section containing one effective on-ramp. Based on two criteria, local velocity variation patterns and expansion (or nonexpansion) of congested regions, three distinct congested traffic states are…
Recent advances in multiagent simulations have made possible the study of realistic traffic patterns and allow to test theories based on driver behaviour. Such simulations also display various empirical features of traffic flows, and are…
A microscopic criterion for distinguishing synchronized flow and wide moving jam phases in single vehicle data measured at a single freeway location is presented. Empirical local congested traffic states in single vehicle data measured on…
The present paper proposes a novel interpretation of the widely scattered states (called synchronized traffic) stimulated by Kerner's hypotheses about the existence of a multitude of metastable states in the fundamental diagram. Using…
In the present paper a review and numerical comparison of a special class of multi-phase traffic theories based on microscopic, kinetic and macroscopic traffic models is given. Macroscopic traffic equations with multi-valued fundamental…
We present large scale and detailed analysis of the microscopic empirical data of the traffic flow, focusing on the non-linear interactions between the vehicles when the traffic is congested. By implementing a "renormalisation" procedure…
Based on the statistical evaluation of experimental single-vehicle data, we propose a quantitative interpretation of the erratic scattering of flow-density data in synchronized traffic flows. A correlation analysis suggests that the…
This paper presents two case studies where a macroscopic model-based approach for traffic state estimation, which we have recently developed, is employed and tested. The estimation methodology is developed for a "mixed" traffic scenario,…
It is understood that congestion in traffic can be interpreted in terms of the instability of the equation of dynamic motion. The evolution of a traffic system from an unstable or metastable state to a globally stable state bears a strong…
Experimental studies on vehicular traffic provide data on quantities like density, flux, and mean speed of the vehicles. However, the diagrams relating these variables (the fundamental and speed diagrams) show some peculiarities not yet…
We study the traffic flow on a highway with ramps through numerical simulations of a hydrodynamic traffic flow model. It is found that the presence of the external vehicle flux through ramps generates a new state of recurring humps (RH).…
We present a detailed analysis of single-vehicle data which sheds some light on the microscopic interaction of the vehicles. Besides the analysis of free flow and synchronized traffic the data sets especially provide information about wide…