相关论文: Jams, Waves, and Clusters

We study traffic flow on roads with a localized periodic inhomogeneity such as traffic signals, using a stochastic car-following model. We find that in cases of congestion, traffic flow can be optimized by controlling the inhomogeneity's…

Statistical mechanics of a small system of cars on a single-lane road is developed. The system is not characterized by a Hamiltonian but by a conditional probability of a velocity of a car for the given velocity and distance of the car…

A most important aspect in the field of traffic modeling is the simulation of bottleneck situations. For their realistic description a macroscopic multi-lane model for uni-directional freeways including acceleration, deceleration, velocity…

A two parameter model for single lane car-following is introduced and its equilibrium and non-equilibrium properties are studied. Despite its simplicity, this model exhibits a rich phenomenology, analogous to that observed in real traffic,…

Recently the traffic related problems have become strategically important, due to the continuously increasing vehicle number. As a result, microscopic simulation software has become an efficient method in traffic engineering for its…

We propose a new model of one-dimensional traffic flow using a coupled map lattice. In the model, each vehicle is assigned a map and changes its velocity according to it. A single map is designed so as to represent the motion of a vehicle…

Every driver knows that severe weather conditions cause traffic congestions. In many cases there is no direct reason for the congestion, and people tend to attribute it to the slow driving mode. Our computational study shows that the slow…

The emergence of autonomous vehicles is expected to revolutionize road transportation in the near future. Although large-scale numerical simulations and small-scale experiments have shown promising results, a comprehensive theoretical…

Recently, a phase transition to synchronized congested traffic has been observed in empirical highway data [B. S. Kerner and H. Rehborn, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 4030 (1997)]. This hysteretic transition has been described by a non-local,…

Moving bottlenecks, such as slow-driving vehicles, are commonly thought of as impediments to efficient traffic flow. Here, we demonstrate that in certain situations, moving bottlenecks---properly controlled---can actually be beneficial for…

Traffic flow at low densities (free traffic) is characterized by a quasi-one-dimensional relation between traffic flow and vehicle density, while no such fundamental diagram exists for `synchronized' congested traffic flow. Instead, a…

A microscopic criterion for distinguishing synchronized flow and wide moving jam phases in single vehicle data measured at a single freeway location is presented. Empirical local congested traffic states in single vehicle data measured on…

A discrete model of traffic on a multilane road is considered. The traffic is presented as particles movement with a deterministic component and a stochastic one. Formulas for the traffic characteristics have been found. The model can…

A simple one-dimensional spring-block model elaborated for the idealized single-lane highway traffic reveals the causes for the emergence of traffic jams. Based on the stop-time statistics of one car in the row, an order parameter is…

Experimental studies on vehicular traffic provide data on quantities like density, flux, and mean speed of the vehicles. However, the diagrams relating these variables (the fundamental and speed diagrams) show some peculiarities not yet…

It is shown that the desire for smooth and comfortable driving is directly responsible for the occurrence of complex spatio-temporal structures (``synchronized traffic'') in highway traffic. This desire goes beyond the avoidance of…

We analyze traffic data from a highway section containing one effective on-ramp. Based on two criteria, local velocity variation patterns and expansion (or nonexpansion) of congested regions, three distinct congested traffic states are…

We study the phase diagram of the continuum traffic flow model of a highway with an on-ramp. Using an open boundary condition, traffic states and metastabilities are investigated numerically for several representative values of the upstream…

Hypotheses and some results of the three-phase traffic theory by the author are compared with results of the fundamental diagram approach to traffic flow theory. A critical discussion of model results about congested pattern features which…

A model for traffic flow in street networks or material flows in supply networks is presented, that takes into account the conservation of cars or materials and other significant features of traffic flows such as jam formation, spillovers,…