相关论文: Avalanche and spreading exponents in systems with …

This is a brief survey of recent experimental studies on out-of-equilibrium scaling laws, focusing on two prominent situations where non-trivial universality classes have been identified theoretically: absorbing-state phase transitions and…

Universal scaling laws of fluctuations (the $\Delta$-scaling laws) can be derived for equilibrium and off-equilibrium systems when combined with the finite-size scaling analysis. In any system in which the second-order critical behavior can…

We investigate a suggested path to self-organized criticality. Originally, this path was devised to "generate criticality" in systems displaying an absorbing-state phase transition, but closer examination of the mechanism reveals that it…

We examine probability distribution for avalanche sizes observed in self-organized critical systems. While a power-law distribution with a cutoff because of finite system size is typical behavior, a systematic investigation reveals that it…

Travelling wave is identified as the mechanism of avalanche propagation in the continuum SOC (self-organized critical) system. Recovering the hidden causality based on a generalization of Fick's law, we lead the equivalent continuum…

We study a model of ``organized'' criticality, where a single avalanche propagates through an \textit{a priori} static (i.e., organized) sandpile configuration. The latter is chosen according to an i.i.d. distribution from a Borel…

Experiments in various neural systems found avalanches: bursts of activity with characteristics typical for critical dynamics. A possible explanation for their occurrence is an underlying network that self-organizes into a critical state.…

Nonequilibrium phase transitions are characterized by the so-called critical exponents, each of which is related to a different observable. Systems that share the same set of values for these exponents also share the same universality…

We study a directed stochastic sandpile model of Self-Organized Criticality, which exhibits recurrent, multiple topplings, putting it in a separate universality class from the exactly solved model of Dhar and Ramaswamy. We show that in the…

Two cellular automata models with directed mass flow and internal time scales are studied by numerical simulations. Relaxation rules are a combination of probabilistic critical height (probability of toppling $p$) and deterministic critical…

The universality class of the avalanche behavior in plastically deforming crystalline and amorphous systems has been commonly discussed, despite the fact that the microscopic defect character in each of these systems is different. In…

We describe the construction of a conserved reaction-diffusion system that exhibits self-organized critical (avalanche-like) behavior under the action of a slow addition of particles. The model provides an illustration of the general…

Although scaling phenomena have long been documented in crystalline plasticity, the universality class has been difficult to identify due to the rarity of avalanche events, which require large system sizes and long times in order to…

We derive exact predictions for universal scaling exponents and scaling functions associated with the statistics of maximum velocities vm during avalanches described by the mean field theory of the interface depinning transition. In…

We review the critical behavior of nonequilibrium systems, such as directed percolation (DP) and branching-annihilating random walks (BARW), which possess phase transitions into absorbing states. After reviewing the bulk scaling behavior of…

Extremal dynamics represents a path to self-organized criticality in which the order parameter is tuned to a value of zero. The order parameter is associated with a phase transition to an absorbing state. Given a process that exhibits a…

The presence of universality of avalanches characterizing the inelastic response of disordered materials has the potential to bridge the gap from micro- to macroscale. In this study, we explore the statistics and the scaling behavior of…

The propagation of a crack front in disordered materials is jerky and characterized by bursts of activity, called avalanches. These phenomena are the manifestation of an out-of-equilibrium phase transition originated by the disorder. As a…

As the variety of systems displaying scale invariant characteristics are matched only by their number, it is becoming increasingly important to understand their fundamental and universal elements. Much work has attempted to apply 2nd order…

Recent experiments on cortical neural networks have revealed the existence of well-defined avalanches of electrical activity. Such avalanches have been claimed to be generically scale-invariant -- i.e. power-law distributed -- with many…