相关论文: Density of Topological Defects After a Quench
Evolution of the order parameter in condensed matter analogues of cosmological phase transitions is discussed. It is shown that the density of the frozen-out topological defects is set by the competition between the quench rate -- the rate…
Numerical study of order parameter dynamics in the course of second order (Landau-Ginzburg) symmetry breaking transitions shows that the density of topological defects, kinks, is proportional to the fourth root of the rate of the quench.…
Symmetry-breaking phase transitions may leave behind topological defects \cite{Kibble} with a density dependent on the quench rate \cite{Zurek}. We investigate the dynamics of such quenches for the one-dimensional, Landau-Ginzburg case and…
The Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM) successfully predicts the density of topological defects deposited by the phase transitions, but it is not clear why. Its key conjecture is that, near the critical point of the second-order phase transition,…
We show that, in second-order phase transformations induced by an inhomogeneous quench, the density of topological defects is drastically suppressed as the velocity with which the quench propagates becomes smaller than the speed at which…
The density of extended topological defects created during symmetry-breaking phase transitions depends on the ratio between the correlation length in the symmetric phase near $T_c$ and the winding length of the defects as determined by the…
The formation of topological defects during continuous second-order phase transitions is well described by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM). However, when the spontaneously broken symmetry is only approximate, such transitions become smooth…
We consider quantum phase transitions with global symmetry breakings that result in the formation of topological defects. We evaluate the number densities of kinks, vortices, and monopoles that are produced in $d=1,2,3$ spatial dimensions…
We study the non-equilibrium dynamics of two dimensional planar ion Coulomb crystals undergoing a structural buckling transition to a three plane configuration, driven by a reduction of the transverse confining frequency. This phase…
In equilibrium, confined films of superfluid $^3$He-A have the chiral axis, $\hat{\ell}$, locked normal to the surface of the film. There are two degenerate ground states $\hat{\ell}\;||\pm\hat{z}$. However, for a temperature quench, i.e.…
We study the dynamic after a smooth quench across a continuous transition from the disordered phase to the ordered phase. Based on scaling ideas, linear response and the spectrum of unstable modes, we develop a theoretical framework, valid…
This is a less technical presentation of the ideas in quant-ph/9804035 [Phys Rev Lett 83 (1999), 1707-1710]. A second order phase transition induced by a rapid quench can lock out topological defects with densities far exceeding their…
We investigate the dynamics of second order phase transitions in two dimensions, breaking a gauged U(1) symmetry. Using numerical simulations, we show that the density of topological defects formed scales with the quench timescale $\tau_Q$…
These lectures address the dynamics of phase ordering out of equilibrium in condensed matter and in quantum field theory in cosmological settings, emphasizing their similarities and differences. In condensed matter we describe the…
We discuss the origin of topological defects in phase transitions and analyze their role as a "diagnostic tool" in the study of the non-equilibrium dynamics of symmetry breaking. Homogeneous second order phase transitions are the focus of…
We numerically study the density of topological defects for a two-dimensional assembly of particles driven over quenched disorder as a function of quench rate through the nonequilibrium phase transition from a plastic disordered flowing…
Symmetry breaking phase transitions from less to more ordered phases will typically produce topological defects in the ordered phase. Kibble-Zurek theory predicts that for any second-order phase transition, such as the early universe, the…
We theoretically investigate the motion of a domain wall and a vortex in type-II superconductors driven by inhomogeneities of temperature or spin density. The model consists of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation and the…
For the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation on a large periodic interval, we show that the transition from defect- to phase-turbulence is more accurately described as a smooth crossover rather than as a sharp continuous transition. We obtain…
We study the nonequilibrium dynamics leading to the formation of topological defects in a symmetry-breaking phase transition of a quantum scalar field with \lambda\Phi^4 self-interaction in a spatially flat, radiation-dominated…