相关论文: The Chemical Potential

In this paper, we study the thermodynamics of short-range central potentials, namely, the Lee-Wick potential, and the Plasma potential. In the first part of the paper we obtain the numerical solution for the orbits equation for these…

Textbooks on cosmology exhibit a thermodynamic inconsistency for free streaming, decoupled matter. It is connected here to the chemical potential, which deviates from its equilibrium value $\mu=\alpha k_BT$, where $\alpha$ is the usual…

In contrast to the canonical ensemble where thermodynamic functions are smooth for all finite system sizes, the microcanonical entropy can show nonanalytic points also for finite systems, even if the Hamiltonian is smooth. The relation…

For more than 100 years, one of the central concepts in statistical mechanics has been the microcanonical ensemble, which provides a way of calculating the thermodynamic entropy for a specified energy. A controversy has recently emerged…

This work explores fundamental statistical and thermodynamic properties of short-and long-range-interacting systems. The purpose of this study is twofold. Firstly, we rigorously prove that the probability distribution of arbitrary few-body…

The system we consider here is a charged fermions gas in the effective mass approximation, and in grand-canonical conditions. We assume that the particles are confined in a three dimensional cubic box $\Lambda$ with side $L\geq 1$, and…

Based on the property of extensivity (mathematically, homogeneity of first degree), we derive in a mathematically consistent manner the explicit expressions of the chemical potential $\mu$ and the Clausius entropy $S$ for the case of…

First-principles studies often rely on the assumption of equilibrium, which can be a poor approximation, e.g., for growth. Here, an effective chemical potential method for non-equilibrium systems is developed. A salient feature of the…

An effective quasiparticle description of deconfined QCD thermodynamics compatible with both finite temperature nonperturbative lattice data and the asymptotic limit is generalized to finite chemical potential. Implications for the N_f = 4…

Experiments with imaginary chemical potential and Glasgow method carried out in two interrelated models - four dimensional QCD in the infinite coupling limit, and one dimensional QCD - support the point of view expressed by the title.

While the ability to measure low temperatures accurately in quantum systems is important in a wide range of experiments, the possibilities and the fundamental limits of quantum thermometry are not yet fully understood theoretically. Here we…

Due to the equivalence of the statistical ensembles thermostatic properties of physical systems with short-range interactions can be calculated in different ensembles leading to the same physics. In particular, the ensemble equivalence…

In a previous paper, we have developed a general theory of thermodynamic limits. We apply it here to three different Coulomb quantum systems, for which we prove the convergence of the free energy per unit volume. The first system is the…

We consider a gas of quasi-free quantum particles confined to a finite box, subjected to singular magnetic and electric fields. We prove in great generality that the finite volume grand-canonical pressure is jointly analytic in the chemical…

For studying the thermodynamic properties of systems using statistical mechanics we propose an ensemble that lies in between the familiar canonical and microcanonical ensembles. From a comparative study of these ensembles we conclude that…

The method of analytic continuation from imaginary to real chemical potentials $\mu$ is one of the few available techniques to study QCD at finite temperature and baryon density. One of its most appealing applications is the determination…

The calculation of chemical potential has traditionally been a challenge in atomistic simulations. One of the most used approaches is Widom's insertion method in which the chemical potential is calculated by periodically attempting to…

In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. D {\bf 72}, 085006 (2005)], Brandt {\em et al}. deduced the thermal operator representation for a thermal $N$-point amplitude, both in the imaginary-time and real-time formalisms. In the case when a chemical…

Quantum thermodynamics is a research field that aims at fleshing out the ultimate limits of thermodynamic processes in the deep quantum regime. A complete picture of quantum thermodynamics allows for catalysts, i.e., systems facilitating…

The minimal set of thermodynamic control parameters consists of a statistical (thermal) and a mechanical one. These suffice to introduce all the pertinent thermodynamic variables; thermodynamic processes can then be defined as paths on this…