相关论文: A Theory of Non_Gaussian Option Pricing

Options are financial instruments that depend on the underlying stock. We explain their non-Gaussian fluctuations using the nonextensive thermodynamics parameter $q$. A generalized form of the Black-Scholes (B-S) partial differential…

Closed form option pricing formulae explaining skew and smile are obtained within a parsimonious non-Gaussian framework. We extend the non-Gaussian option pricing model of L. Borland (Quantitative Finance, {\bf 2}, 415-431, 2002) to include…

A new theory for pricing options of a stock is presented. It is based on the assumption that while successive variations in return are uncorrelated, the frequency with which a stock is traded depends on the value of the return. The solution…

The standard Black-Scholes theory of option pricing is extended to cope with underlying return fluctuations described by general probability distributions. A Langevin process and its related Fokker-Planck equation are devised to model the…

We derive an extremal fractional Gaussian by employing the L\'evy-Khintchine theorem and L\'evian noise. With the fractional Gaussian we then generalize the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing formula. We obtain an easily applicable and…

In a seminal paper in 1973, Black and Scholes argued how expected distributions of stock prices can be used to price options. Their model assumed a directed random motion for the returns and consequently a lognormal distribution of asset…

We fit the volatility fluctuations of the S&P 500 index well by a Chi distribution, and the distribution of log-returns by a corresponding superposition of Gaussian distributions. The Fourier transform of this is, remarkably, of the Tsallis…

We recently showed that the S&P500 stock market index is well described by Tsallis non-extensive statistics and nonlinear Fokker-Planck time evolution. We argued that these results should be applicable to a broad range of markets and…

We consider the problem of option pricing and hedging when stock returns are correlated in time. Within a quadratic-risk minimisation scheme, we obtain a general formula, valid for weakly correlated non-Gaussian processes. We show that for…

We reconsider the problem of option pricing using historical probability distributions. We first discuss how the risk-minimisation scheme proposed recently is an adequate starting point under the realistic assumption that price increments…

It is well known that the probability distribution of high-frequency financial returns is characterized by a leptokurtic, heavy-tailed shape. This behavior undermines the typical assumption of Gaussian log-returns behind the standard…

Volatility clustering, long-range dependence, and non-Gaussian scaling are stylized facts of financial assets dynamics. They are ignored in the Black & Scholes framework, but have a relevant impact on the pricing of options written on…

This paper provides evidence that stock returns, after truncation, might be modeled by a special type of continuous mixtures or normals, so-called $q$-Gaussians. Negative binomial distributions might model the counts for extreme returns. A…

The Black-Scholes model (sometimes known as the Black-Scholes-Merton model) gives a theoretical estimate for the price of European options. The price evolution under this model is described by the Black-Scholes formula, one of the most…

A new mathematical model for the Black-Scholes equation is proposed to forecast option prices. This model includes new interval for the price of the underlying stock as well as new initial and boundary conditions. Conventional notions of…

In this work we present an analytical model, based on the path-integral formalism of Statistical Mechanics, for pricing options using first-passage time problems involving both fixed and deterministically moving absorbing barriers under…

We investigate qualitative and quantitative behavior of a solution of the mathematical model for pricing American style of perpetual put options. We assume the option price is a solution to the stationary generalized Black-Scholes equation…

We show that our generalization of the Black-Scholes partial differential equation (pde) for nontrivial diffusion coefficients is equivalent to a Martingale in the risk neutral discounted stock price. Previously, this was proven for the…

There is a well developed framework, the Black-Scholes theory, for the pricing of contracts based on the future prices of certain assets, called options. This theory assumes that the probability distribution of the returns of the underlying…

Within a path integral formalism for non-Gaussian price fluctuations we set up a simple stochastic calculus and derive a natural martingale for option pricing from the wealth balance of options, stocks, and bonds. The resulting formula is…