相关论文: An Introduction to Breakdown Phenomena in Disorder…

In this paper we consider an approach, which allows researching a processes of order-disorder transition in various systems (with any distribution of the exchange integrals signs) in the frame of Ising model. A new order parameters, which…

Crackling noise arises when a system responds to changing external conditions through discrete, impulsive events spanning a broad range of sizes. A wide variety of physical systems exhibiting crackling noise have been studied, from…

In this work we investigate symmetry breaking in the presence of a turbulent environment. The transition from a symmetric state to a symmetry-breaking state is demonstrated using two examples: (i) the transition of a two-dimensional flow to…

The paper assesses stationary probability distributions in out of equilibrium systems. In the phenomenology proposed, no free energy can be well defined. Fluctuations of Landau free energy couplings arise when the intrinsic chemical…

A simple model for the nonlinear collective transport of interacting particles in a random medium with strong disorder is introduced and analyzed. A finite threshold for the driving force divides the behavior into two regimes characterized…

The vortex lattice is an ideal system to study the competition and interplay between interaction and disorder. New results on 2H-NbSe_2 (in samples of progressively increasing pinning) elucidate how pinning alters the phase boundary…

Motivated by impurity-induced magnetic ordering phenomena in spin-gap materials like TlCuCl3, we develop a mean-field theory for strongly disordered antiferromagnets, designed to capture the broad distribution of coupling constants in the…

Electric power-systems are one of the most important critical infrastructures. In recent years, they have been exposed to extreme stress due to the increasing demand, the introduction of distributed renewable energy sources, and the…

Simple models for ruptures along a heterogeneous earthquake fault zone are studied, focussing on the interplay between the roles of disorder and dynamical effects. A class of models are found to operate naturally at a critical point whose…

Crackling noise is observed in many disordered non-equilibrium systems in response to slowly changing external conditions. Examples range from Barkhausen noise in magnets to acoustic emission in martensites to earthquakes. Using the…

Simple elastic models of spin-crossover compounds are known empirically to exhibit classical critical behavior. We demonstrate how the long-ranged interactions responsible for this behavior arise naturally upon integrating out mechanical…

In this study the magnetization phenomenon has been investigated as a behavior of interacting elementary moments ensemble, with the help of Ising model [1] in the frame of non-extensive statistical mechanics. To investigate the physical…

Reflection of particles from a disordered or chaotic medium is characterized by a scattering matrix that can be represented as a superposition of resonances. Each resonance corresponds to an eigenstate inside the medium and has a width…

In this paper a composite model for earthquake rupture initiation and propagation is proposed. The model includes aspects of damage mechanics, fiber-bundle models, and slider-block models. An array of elements is introduced in analogy to…

We develop a robust cut finite element method for a model of diffusion in fractured media consisting of a bulk domain with embedded cracks. The crack has its own pressure field and can cut through the bulk mesh in a very general fashion.…

We analyse the stability of a magnetized medium consisting of a neutral fluid and a fluid of charged particles, coupled to each other through a drag force and exposed to differential body forces (for example, as the result of radiation…

A complete set of Feynman rules is derived, which permits a perturbative description of the nonequilibrium dynamics of a symmetry-breaking phase transition in $\lambda\phi^4$ theory in an expanding universe. In contrast to a naive expansion…

Developments in the physics of 2D electron systems during the last decade have revealed a new class of nonequilibrium phenomena in the presence of a moderately strong magnetic field. The hallmark of these phenomena is magnetoresistance…

In this paper some critical aspects of the behaviour of breaking lattices subject to slow driving forces are briefly reviewed. In particular fluctuations in the response to the variation of external parameters are discussed.

Multi-phase materials, such as composite materials, exhibit multiple competing failure mechanisms during the growth of a macroscopic defect. For the simulation of the overall fracture process in such materials, we develop a two-phase spring…