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Two graphs $G_1=(V,E_1)$ and $G_2=(V,E_2)$ admit a geometric simultaneous embedding if there exists a set of points P and a bijection M: P -> V that induce planar straight-line embeddings both for $G_1$ and for $G_2$. While it is known that…

计算几何 · 计算机科学 2010-01-05 Patrizio Angelini , Markus Geyer , Michael Kaufmann , Daniel Neuwirth

An embedding of a metric graph $(G, d)$ on a closed hyperbolic surface is \emph{essential}, if each complementary region has a negative Euler characteristic. We show, by construction, that given any metric graph, its metric can be rescaled…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2019-05-22 Bidyut Sanki

We consider two operations on an edge of an embedded graph (or equivalently a ribbon graph): giving a half-twist to the edge and taking the partial dual with respect to the edge. These two operations give rise to an action of S_3^{|E(G)|},…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-02-28 Joanna A. Ellis-Monaghan , Iain Moffatt

For a digraph $G$ without multisquares and a field $\mathbb{F}$, we construct a basis of the vector space of path $n$-chains $\Omega_n(G;\mathbb{F})$ for $n\geq 0$, generalising the basis of $\Omega_3(G;\mathbb{F})$ constructed by…

代数拓扑 · 数学 2024-07-25 Xin Fu , Sergei O. Ivanov

Whitney proved that 3-connected planar graphs admit a unique embedding on the sphere. In contrast, Enami investigated embeddings of 3-connected cubic planar graphs on non-spherical surfaces with non-negative Euler characteristic. He…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-05-25 Meike Weiß , Alice C. Niemeyer

The classical theorem of F\'{a}ry states that every planar graph can be represented by an embedding in which every edge is represented by a straight line segment. We consider generalizations of F\'{a}ry's theorem to surfaces equipped with…

计算几何 · 计算机科学 2017-08-29 Alfredo Hubard , Vojtěch Kaluža , Arnaud de Mesmay , Martin Tancer

Layered pathwidth is a new graph parameter studied by Bannister et al (2015). In this paper we present two new results relating layered pathwidth to two types of linear layouts. Our first result shows that, for any graph $G$, the stack…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2020-09-07 Vida Dujmović , Pat Morin , Céline Yelle

As part of their graph minor project, Robertson and Seymour showed in 1990 that the class of graphs that can be embedded in a given surface can be characterized by a finite set of minimal excluded minors. However, their proof, because…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-10-20 Sarah Houdaigoui , Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi

Let $\varphi:F_1\to F_2$ be an injective morphism of free groups. If $\varphi$ is geometric (i.e. induced by an inclusion of oriented compact connected surfaces with nonempty boundary), then we show that $\varphi$ is an isometric embedding…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2025-01-28 Alexis Marchand

Partial duality generalizes the fundamental concept of the geometric dual of an embedded graph. A partial dual is obtained by forming the geometric dual with respect to only a subset of edges. While geometric duality preserves the genus of…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-11-18 Iain Moffatt

This paper continues the investigation of the relation between the geometry of a circle embedding and the values of its Fourier coefficients. First, we answer a question of Kovalev and Yang concerning the support of the Fourier transform of…

复变函数 · 数学 2020-04-02 Liulan Li , Leonid V. Kovalev

In 1965 Edmonds showed that every eulerian graph has a bi-eulerian embedding, i.e., an embedding with exactly two faces, each bounded by an euler circuit. We refine this result by giving conditions for a graph to have a bi-eulerian…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-04-03 M. N. Ellingham , Joanna A. Ellis-Monaghan

A \emph{self-complementary} graph is a graph isomorphic to its complement. An isomorphism between $G$ and its complement, viewed as a permutation of $V(G)$, is then called an \emph{antimorphism}. A \emph{skew partition} of $G$ is a…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-08-29 Nicolas Trotignon

The $2$-cell embeddings of graphs on closed surfaces have been widely studied. It is well known that ($2$-cell) embedding a given graph $G$ on a closed orientable surface is equivalent to cyclically ordering the edges incident to each…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-03-16 Ricky X. F. Chen , Christian M. Reidys

Dallard, Milani\v{c}, and \v{S}torgel conjectured that for a hereditary graph class $\mathcal{G}$, if there is some function $f:\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{N}$ such that every graph $G\in \mathcal{G}$ with clique number $\omega(G)$ has treewidth…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-10-27 Sepehr Hajebi

The study of the graph diameter of polytopes is a classical open problem in polyhedral geometry and the theory of linear optimization. In this paper we continue the investigation initiated in [4] by introducing a vast hierarchy of…

组合数学 · 数学 2014-11-27 Steffen Borgwardt , Jesús A. De Loera , Elisabeth Finhold

Let $G$ be a graph embedded in a surface and let $\mathcal F$ be a set of even faces of $G$ (faces bounded by a cycle of even length). The resonance graph of $G$ with respect to $\mathcal F$, denoted by $R(G;\mathcal F)$, is a graph such…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-06-16 Niko Tratnik , Dong Ye

The maximum number of vertices in a graph of maximum degree $\Delta\ge 3$ and fixed diameter $k\ge 2$ is upper bounded by $(1+o(1))(\Delta-1)^{k}$. If we restrict our graphs to certain classes, better upper bounds are known. For instance,…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-12-14 Eran Nevo , Guillermo Pineda-Villavicencio , David R. Wood

We investigate the structure of conformally rigid graphs. Graphs are conformally rigid if introducing edge weights cannot increase (decrease) the second (last) eigenvalue of the Graph Laplacian. Edge-transitive graphs and distance-regular…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-06-26 João Gouveia , Stefan Steinerberger , Rekha R. Thomas

A simultaneous embedding (with fixed edges) of two graphs $G^1$ and $G^2$ with common graph $G=G^1 \cap G^2$ is a pair of planar drawings of $G^1$ and $G^2$ that coincide on $G$. It is an open question whether there is a polynomial-time…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2015-06-19 Thomas Bläsius , Annette Karrer , Ignaz Rutter