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Hamiltonian exceptional points (HEPs) are spectral degeneracies of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians describing classical and semiclassical open systems with losses and/or gain. However, this definition overlooks the occurrence of quantum jumps in…

Exceptional points (EPs) correspond to degeneracies of open systems. These are attracting much interest in optics, optoelectronics, plasmonics, and condensed matter physics. In the classical and semiclassical approaches, Hamiltonian EPs…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-05-13 Fabrizio Minganti , Adam Miranowicz , Ravindra W. Chhajlany , Franco Nori

In the past few decades, many works have been devoted to the study of exceptional points (EPs), i.e., exotic degeneracies of non-Hermitian systems. The usual approach in those studies involves the introduction of a phenomenological…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-01-16 Ievgen I. Arkhipov , Adam Miranowicz , Fabrizio Minganti , Franco Nori

Exceptional points (EPs) are degeneracies of classical and quantum open systems, which are studied in many areas of physics including optics, optoelectronics, plasmonics, and condensed matter physics. In the semiclassical regime, open…

Exceptional points, where two or more eigenstates of a non-Hermitian system coalesce, are now of interest across many fields of physics, from the perspective of open-system dynamics, sensing, nonreciprocal transport, and topological phase…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-27 Aritra Ghosh , M. Bhattacharya

Complex spectra of dissipative quantum systems may exhibit degeneracies known as exceptional points (EPs). At these points the systems' dynamics may undergo drastic changes. Phenomena associated with EPs and their applications have been…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-03-19 Andrei I. Pavlov , Yuval Gefen , Alexander Shnirman

Open quantum systems interacting with an environment exhibit dynamics described by the combination of dissipation and coherent Hamiltonian evolution. Taken together, these effects are captured by a Liouvillian superoperator. The…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-04-08 Weijian Chen , Maryam Abbasi , Byung Ha , Serra Erdamar , Yogesh N. Joglekar , Kater W. Murch

Non-Hermitian (NH) systems can display exotic topological phenomena without Hermitian counterparts, enabled by exceptional points (EPs). So far, investigations of NH topology have been restricted to EPs of the NH Hamiltonian, which governs…

We analyze the influence of Liouvillian exceptional points (LEPs) in the three-level quantum absorption refrigerator, putting emphasis on the non-equilibrium process before the convergence to the steady state. We search for the second-order…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-12-29 Jingyi Gao , Naomichi Hatano

Exceptional points in non-Hermitian quantum systems give rise to novel genuine quantum phenomena. Recent explorations of exceptional-point-induced quantum phase transitions have extended from discrete-variable to continuous-variable-encoded…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-02-03 Pei-Rong Han , Tian-Le Yang , Wen Ning , Hao-Long Zhang , Huifang Kang , Huiye Qiu , Zhen-Biao Yang

Usually, when investigating exceptional points (EPs) of an open Markovian bosonic system, one deals with spectral degeneracies of a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian (NHH), which can correctly describe the system dynamics only in the semiclassical…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-09-15 Ievgen I. Arkhipov , Adam Miranowicz , Fabrizio Minganti , Franco Nori

We study the applicability of the Liouvillian exceptional points (LEPs) approach to nanoscale open quantum systems. A generic model of the driven two-level system in a thermal environment is analyzed within the nonequilibrium Green's…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-02-26 Nikhil Seshadri , Anqi Li , Michael Galperin

Viewing a quantum thermal machine as a non-Hermitian quantum system, we characterize in full generality its analytical time-dependent dynamics by deriving the spectrum of its non-Hermitian Liouvillian for an arbitrary initial state. We show…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-12-14 Shishir Khandelwal , Nicolas Brunner , Géraldine Haack

We investigate speeding up of relaxation of Markovian open quantum systems with the Liouvillian exceptional point (LEP), where the slowest decay mode degenerate with a faster decay mode. The degeneracy significantly increases the gap of the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-01-14 Yan-Li Zhou , Xiao-Die Yu , Chun-Wang Wu , Xie-Qian Li , Jie Zhang , Weibin Li , Ping-Xing Chen

Exceptional points are the branch-point singularities of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, and have rich consequences in open-system dynamics. While the exceptional points and their critical phenomena are widely studied in the non-Hermitian…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-08-22 Konghao Sun , Wei Yi

One of the most remarkable features that distinguish open systems from closed ones is the presence of exceptional points (EPs), where two or more eigenvectors of a non-Hermitian operator coalesce, accompanying the convergence of the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-27 Hao-Long Zhang , Pei-Rong Han , Fan Wu , Wen Ning , Zhen-Biao Yang , Shi-Biao Zheng

Post-selecting against quantum jumps into the ground state confines the evolution of the three-level system to the excited states manifold, effectively realizing a PT-symmetric non-Hermitian qubit. In this work, by introducing…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-10-27 Roson Nongthombam , Aman Verma , Amarendra K. Sarma

We demonstrate that Liouvillian exceptional points (LEPs), previously explored only in continuous Lindbladian dynamics, also emerge in discrete brickwork completely positive trace-preserving (CPTP) circuits. By analytically solving a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-06 Vladislav Popkov , Mario Salerno

Open quantum systems can be approximately described by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians (NHHs) and Liouvillian superoperators. The two approaches differ by quantum jump terms corresponding to a measurement of the system by its environment. We…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-06 Aysel Shiralieva , Grigory A. Starkov , Björn Trauzettel

The requirement for Hermiticity in quantum mechanics ensures the reality of energies, while the parity-time symmetry offers an alternative route to achieve this goal. Interestingly, in a three-level system, the parity-time symmetry-breaking…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-12-05 Y. -Y. Chen , K. Li , L. Zhang , Y. -K. Wu , J. -Y. Ma , H. -X. Yang , C. Zhang , B. -X. Qi , Z. -C. Zhou , P. -Y. Hou , Y. Xu , L. -M. Duan
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