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Minimal prime graphs are connected graphs on at least two vertices whose complements satisfy the following conditions: triangle-freeness, 3-colorability, and edge-maximality with respect to the latter two properties. These graphs are prime…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-12-19 Bryan Alvarez , Micah Dorton , Thomas Michael Keller , Lawrence Liu , Evan Zhang

We study the mixed Ramsey number maxR(n,K_m,K_r), defined as the maximum number of colours in an edge-colouring of the complete graph K_n, such that K_n has no monochromatic complete subgraph on m vertices and no rainbow complete subgraph…

组合数学 · 数学 2010-09-21 Veselin Jungic , Tomas Kaiser , Daniel Kral

Given a graph $G$ and an integer $\ell\ge 2$, we denote by $\alpha_{\ell}(G)$ the maximum size of a $K_{\ell}$-free subset of vertices in $V(G)$. A recent question of Nenadov and Pehova asks for determining the best possible minimum degree…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-02-21 Jie Han , Ping Hu , Guanghui Wang , Donglei Yang

Let $n, r, k$ be positive integers such that $3\leq k < n$ and $2\leq r \leq k-1$. Let $m(n, r, k)$ denote the maximum number of edges an $r$-uniform hypergraph on $n$ vertices can have under the condition that any collection of $i$ edges,…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2012-10-05 Niranjan Balachandran , Srimanta Bhattacharya

Given a graph $G$ and a positive integer $k$, define the \emph{Gallai-Ramsey number} to be the minimum number of vertices $n$ such that any $k$-edge coloring of $K_n$ contains either a rainbow (all different colored) triangle or a…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-09-28 Zhao Wang , Yaping Mao , Colton Magnant , Jinyu Zou

Analogues of Ramsey's Theorem for infinite structures such as the rationals or the Rado graph have been known for some time. In this context, one looks for optimal bounds, called degrees, for the number of colors in an isomorphic…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-06-03 Natasha Dobrinen

Given two graphs $G$ and $H$, we investigate for which functions $p=p(n)$ the random graph $G_{n,p}$ (the binomial random graph on $n$ vertices with edge probability $p$) satisfies with probability $1-o(1)$ that every red-blue-coloring of…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-02-15 Yoshiharu Kohayakawa , Mathias Schacht , Reto Spöhel

We prove that for all graphs with at most $(3.75-o(1))n$ edges there exists a 2-coloring of the edges such that every monochromatic path has order less than $n$. This was previously known to be true for graphs with at most $2.5n-7.5$ edges.…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-11-05 Deepak Bal , Louis DeBiasio

Given an $(r + 1)$-chromatic graph $H$, the fundamental edge stability result of Erd\H{o}s and Simonovits says that all $n$-vertex $H$-free graphs have at most $(1 - 1/r + o(1)) \binom{n}{2}$ edges, and any $H$-free graph with that many…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-08-22 Freddie Illingworth

We present a flexible random construction which, for certain graphs $H$, is able to produce $H$-free graphs with edge density strictly larger than that of the $H$-free process, while simultaneously preserving pseudorandom properties and…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-02-20 Zion Hefty , Paul Horn , Dylan King , Florian Pfender

Let the grid graph $G_{M\times N}$ denote the Cartesian product $K_M \square K_N$. For a fixed subgraph $H$ of a grid, we study the off-diagonal Ramsey number $\operatorname{gr}(H, K_k)$, which is the smallest $N$ such that any red/blue…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-11-04 Xiaoyu He , Ghaura Mahabaduge , Krishna Pothapragada , Josh Rooney , Jasper Seabold

The reconfiguration graph of the $k$-colorings, denoted $R_k(G)$, is the graph whose vertices are the $k$-colorings of $G$ and two colorings are adjacent in $R_k(G)$ if they differ in color on exactly one vertex. A graph $G$ is said to be…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-11-13 Manoj Belavadi , Kathie Cameron

Given a graph $H$ and a positive integer $k$, the {\it $k$-colored Ramsey number} $R_k(H)$ is the minimum integer $n$ such that in every $k$-edge-coloring of the complete graph $K_{n}$, there is a monochromatic copy of $H$. Given two graphs…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-11-07 Xihe Li , Xiangxiang Liu

Given a vertex-ordered graph $G$, the ordered Ramsey number $r_<(G)$ is the minimum integer $N$ such that every $2$-coloring of the edges of the complete ordered graph $K_N$ contains a monochromatic ordered copy of $G$. Motivated by a…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-12-24 Domagoj Bradač , Patryk Morawski , Benny Sudakov , Yuval Wigderson

A set of vertices in a graph is a Hamiltonian subset if it induces a subgraph containing a Hamiltonian cycle. Kim, Liu, Sharifzadeh and Staden proved that among all graphs with minimum degree $d$, $K_{d+1}$ minimises the number of…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-01-19 Stijn Cambie , Jun Gao , Hong Liu

As a significant variation of Ramsey numbers, the Gallai-Ramsey number $GR_k(H)$ refers to the smallest positive integer $r$ such that, by coloring the edges of $K_r$ with at most $k$ colors, there exists either a monochromatic subgraph…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-10-03 Yanbo Zhang , Yaojun Chen

The Grundy number of a graph is the minimum number of colors needed to properly color the graph using the first-fit greedy algorithm regardless of the initial vertex ordering. Computing the Grundy number of a graph is an NP-Hard problem.…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-01-24 Thiago Assis , Gabriel Coutinho , Emanuel Juliano

Given a graph $H$, the Ramsey number $R(H)$ is the smallest positive integer $n$ such that every $2$-edge-colouring of $K_n$ yields a monochromatic copy of $H$. We write $mH$ to denote the union of $m$ vertex-disjoint copies of $H$. The…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-08-18 József Balogh , Andrea Freschi , Andrew Treglown

For a positive integer $k$ and a graph $H$, the $k$-color induced size-Ramsey number $\hat{R}_{\mathrm{ind}}(H, k)$ is the minimum integer $m$ for which there exists a graph $G$ with $m$ edges such that for every $k$-edge coloring of $G$,…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-03-24 Ramin Javadi , Yoshiharu Kohayakawa , Meysam Miralaei

Let $\mathcal{D}_k$ be the class of graphs for which every minor has minimum degree at most $k$. Then $\mathcal{D}_k$ is closed under taking minors. By the Robertson-Seymour graph minor theorem, $\mathcal{D}_k$ is characterised by a finite…

组合数学 · 数学 2011-06-07 Gašper Fijavž , David R. Wood