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The 1-2-3 Conjecture asks whether almost all graphs can be (edge-)labelled with $1,2,3$ so that no two adjacent vertices are incident to the same sum of labels. In the last decades, several aspects of this problem have been studied in…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-02-17 Julien Bensmail , Hervé Hocquard , Dimitri Lajou , Éric Sopena

In a recent work, Keusch proved the so-called 1-2-3 Conjecture, raised by Karo\'nski, {\L}uczak, and Thomason in 2004: for every connected graph different from $K_2$, we can assign labels~$1,2,3$ to the edges so that no two adjacent…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-05-08 Julien Bensmail , Beatriz Martins , Chaoliang Tang

Inspired by the spread of information in social networks and graph-theoretic processes such as Firefighting and graph cleaning, Bonato, Janssen and Roshanbin introduced in 2016 the burning number $b(G)$ of any finite graph $G$. They…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-09-08 Jiajun Ning , Xian'an Jin , Meiqiao Zhang

Let $m(G,\lambda)$ be the multiplicity of an eigenvalue $\lambda$ of a connected graph $G$. Wang et al. [Linear Algebra Appl. 584(2020), 257-266] proved that for any connected graph $G\neq C_n$, $m(G, \lambda) \leq 2c(G) + p(G) -1$, where…

谱理论 · 数学 2024-03-27 Sarula Chang , Jianxi Li , Yirong Zheng

Graham and Lov\'{a}sz conjectured in 1978 that the sequence of normalized coefficients of the distance characteristic polynomial of a tree of order $n$ is unimodal with the maximum value occurring at $\lfloor\frac{n}{2}\rfloor$. In this…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-06-16 Aida Abiad , Boris Brimkov , Sakander Hayat , Antonina P. Khramova , Jack H. Koolen

Let $G$ be a connected graph with maximum degree $\Delta$. Brooks' theorem states that $G$ has a $\Delta$-coloring unless $G$ is a complete graph or an odd cycle. A graph $G$ is \emph{degree-choosable} if $G$ can be properly colored from…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-06-19 Daniel W. Cranston , Landon Rabern

In 1989 Erd\H{o}s and Sz\'ekely showed that there is a bijection between (i) the set of rooted trees with $n+1$ vertices whose leaves are bijectively labeled with the elements of $[\ell]=\{1,2,\dots,\ell\}$ for some $\ell \leq n$, and (ii)…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Vincent Moulton , Andreas Spillner

We study edge-decompositions of highly connected graphs into copies of a given tree. In particular we attack the following conjecture by Bar\'at and Thomassen: for each tree $T$, there exists a natural number $k_T$ such that if $G$ is a…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-03-09 János Barát , Dániel Gerbner

Let $\gamma(G)$ and $i(G)$ be the domination number and the independent domination number of $G$, respectively. In 1977, Hedetniemi and Mitchell began with the comparison of of $i(G)$ and $\gamma(G)$ and recently Rad and Volkmann posted a…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-10-06 Shaohui Wang , Bing Wei

We prove via a composition lemma, the Kotzig-Ringel-Rosa conjecture, better known as the Graceful Labeling Conjecture. We also prove via a stronger version of the composition lemma a stronger form of the Graceful Labeling Conjecture.

组合数学 · 数学 2020-07-02 Edinah K. Gnang

Arthur Cayley famously proved that there are n to the power n-2 labeled trees on n vertices. Here we go much further and show how to enumerate, fully automatically, labeled trees such that every vertex has a number of neighbors that belongs…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-02-22 Shalosh B. Ekhad , Doron Zeilberger

For any integer $k>0$, a tree $T$ is $k$-cordial if there exists a labeling of the vertices of $T$ by $\mathbb{Z}_k$, inducing a labeling on the edges with edge-weights found by summing the labels on vertices incident to a given edge modulo…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-05-02 Keith Driscoll , Elliot Krop , Michelle Nguyen

For any integer $k>0$, a tree $T$ is $k$-cordial if there exists a labeling of the vertices of $T$ by $\mathbb{Z}_k$, inducing edge-weights as the sum modulo $k$ of the labels on incident vertices to a given edge, which furthermore…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-10-03 Keith Driscoll

A class of graphs is bridge-addable if given a graph $G$ in the class, any graph obtained by adding an edge between two connected components of $G$ is also in the class. The authors recently proved a conjecture of McDiarmid, Steger, and…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-09-06 Guillaume Chapuy , Guillem Perarnau

The implicit graph conjecture states that every sufficiently small, hereditary graph class has a labeling scheme with a polynomial-time computable label decoder. We approach this conjecture by investigating classes of label decoders defined…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2018-02-02 Maurice Chandoo

Let $\mathbf G$ be a graphing, that is a Borel graph defined by $d$ measure preserving involutions. We prove that if $\mathbf G$ is {\em treeable} then it arises as the local limit of some sequence $(G_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$ of graphs with…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-01-22 Lucas Hosseini , Patrice Ossona de Mendez

We solve a problem of Krivelevich, Kwan and Sudakov [SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics 31 (2017), 155-171] concerning the threshold for the containment of all bounded degree spanning trees in the model of randomly perturbed dense graphs.…

This paper studies increasing trees on $n$ labeled vertices, in which labels increase from the root to the leaves. It is known that the number of binary increasing trees coincides with the number of alternating permutations (Euler numbers).…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-01-13 Medet Jumadildayev

Sturmian words are infinite binary words with many equivalent definitions: They have a minimal factor complexity among all aperiodic sequences; they are balanced sequences (the labels 0 and 1 are as evenly distributed as possible) and they…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2008-09-12 Nicolas Gast , Bruno Gaujal

We prove that if a tree $T$ has $n$ vertices and maximum degree at most $\Delta$, then a copy of $T$ can almost surely be found in the random graph $\mathcal{G}(n,\Delta\log^5 n/n)$.

组合数学 · 数学 2014-06-27 Richard Montgomery