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Let $G$ be a simple graph whose vertices are partitioned into two subsets, called filled vertices and empty vertices. A vertex $v$ is said to be forced by a filled vertex $u$ if $v$ is a unique empty neighbor of $u$. If we can fill all the…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-09-02 Yaroslav Shitov

Zero forcing parameters, associated with graphs, have been studied for over a decade, and have gained popularity as the number of related applications grows. In particular, it is well-known that such parameters are related to certain vertex…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-09-01 Shaun Fallat , Karen Meagher , Abolghasem Soltani , Boting Yang

This thesis captures the ongoing development of twisted cubes, which is a modification of cubes (in a topological sense) where its homotopy type theory does not require paths or higher paths to be invertible. My original motivation to…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2023-07-06 Gun Pinyo

An $r$-fold analogue of the positive semidefinite zero forcing process that is carried out on the $r$-blowup of a graph is introduced and used to define the fractional positive semidefinite forcing number. Properties of the graph blowup…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-08-23 Leslie Hogben , Kevin F. Palmowski , David E. Roberson , Michael Young

Let G be a graph with a perfect matching. A complete forcing set of G is a subset of edges of G to which the restriction of every perfect matching is a forcing set of it. The complete forcing number of G is the minimum cardinality of…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-02-09 Xin He , Heping Zhang

Several researchers have recently explored various graph parameters that can or cannot be characterized by the spectrum of a matrix associated with a graph. In this paper we show that several NP-hard zero forcing numbers are not…

We introduce a new variant of zero forcing - signed zero forcing. The classical zero forcing number provides an upper bound on the maximum nullity of a matrix with a given graph (i.e. zero-nonzero pattern). Our new variant provides an…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-07-09 Felix Goldberg , Abraham Berman

Zero forcing and power domination are iterative processes on graphs where an initial set of vertices are observed, and additional vertices become observed based on some rules. In both cases, the goal is to eventually observe the entire…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-03-02 Daniela Ferrero , Leslie Hogben , Franklin H. J. Kenter , Michael Young

Vertex leaky forcing was recently introduced as a new variation of zero forcing in order to show how vertex leaks can disrupt the zero forcing process in a graph. An edge leak is an edge that is not allowed to be forced across during the…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-09-16 Joseph S. Alameda , Juergen Kritschgau , Michael Young

In this paper, we study minimal (with respect to inclusion) zero forcing sets. We first investigate when a graph can have polynomially or exponentially many distinct minimal zero forcing sets. We also study the maximum size of a minimal…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-04-18 Boris Brimkov , Joshua Carlson

The zero forcing number $Z(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a set $S$ with colored (black) vertices which forces the set $V(G)$ to be colored (black) after some times. "color change rule": a white vertex is changed to a…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-02-23 M. Khosravi , S. Rashidi 2 , A. Sheikhhosseni

In this paper a new parameter for hypergraphs called hypergraph infection is defined. This concept generalizes zero forcing in graphs to hypergraphs. The exact value of the infection number of complete and complete bipartite hypergraphs is…

The burning and forcing processes are both instances of propagation processes on graphs that are commonly used to model real-world spreading phenomena. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. We first establish a connection between…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-02-16 Aida Abiad , Pax Mallee

Given a simple, finite graph with vertex set $V(G)$, we define a zero forcing set of $G$ as follows. Choose $S\subseteq V(G)$ and color all vertices of $S$ blue and all vertices in $V(G) - S$ white. The color change rule is if $w$ is the…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-12-02 Alex Domat , Kirsti Kuenzel

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a finite connected graph along with a coloring of the vertices of $G$ using the colors in a given set $X$. In this paper, we introduce multi-color forcing, a generalization of zero-forcing on graphs, and give conditions in…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-12-05 Chassidy Bozeman , Pamela E. Harris , Neel Jain , Ben Young , Teresa Yu

In this note, we study a dynamic vertex coloring for a graph $G$. In particular, one starts with a certain set of vertices black, and all other vertices white. Then, at each time step, a black vertex with exactly one white neighbor forces…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-11-02 Randy Davila , Thomas Kalinowski , Sudeep Stephen

Reconfiguration graphs provide a way to represent relationships among solutions to a problem, and have been studied in many contexts. We investigate the reconfiguration graphs corresponding to minimum PSD forcing sets and minimum skew…

For any simple graph $G$ on $n$ vertices, the (positive semi-definite) minimum rank of $G$ is defined to be the smallest possible rank among all (positive semi-definite) real symmetric $n\times n$ matrices whose entry in position $(i,j)$,…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-12-02 Fatemeh Alinaghipour Taklimi

In this paper, we study a dynamic coloring of the vertices of a graph $G$ that starts with an initial subset $S$ of colored vertices, with all remaining vertices being non-colored. At each discrete time interval, a colored vertex with…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-10-27 Randy Davila , Michael Henning

Zero forcing number has recently become an interesting graph parameter studied in its own right since its introduction by the "AIM Minimum Rank -- Special Graphs Work Group", whereas metric dimension is a well-known graph parameter. We…

组合数学 · 数学 2014-12-11 Linda Eroh , Cong X. Kang , Eunjeong Yi