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The eigenstate thermalisation hypothesis (ETH) is a statistical characterisation of eigen-energies, eigenstates and matrix elements of local operators in thermalising quantum systems. We develop an ETH-like ansatz of a partially…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-08-01 Philip JD Crowley , Anushya Chandran

We extend entropy production to a deeply quantum regime involving noncommuting conserved quantities. Consider a unitary transporting conserved quantities ("charges") between two systems initialized in thermal states. Three common formulae…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-10-01 Twesh Upadhyaya , William F. Braasch, , Gabriel T. Landi , Nicole Yunger Halpern

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) has been highly influential in explaining thermodynamic behavior of closed quantum systems. As of yet, it is unclear whether and how the ETH applies to non-Hermitian systems. Here, we introduce…

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) and the theory of linear response (LRT) are celebrated cornerstones of our understanding of the physics of many-body quantum systems out of equilibrium. While the ETH provides a generic…

统计力学 · 物理学 2019-05-29 Jonas Richter , Jochen Gemmer , Robin Steinigeweg

In statistical mechanics, a small system exchanges conserved quantities---heat, particles, electric charge, etc.---with a bath. The small system thermalizes to the canonical ensemble, or the grand canonical ensemble, etc., depending on the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-04-22 Nicole Yunger Halpern , Michael E. Beverland , Amir Kalev

The Eigenstate-Thermalization-Hypothesis (ETH) has been established as the general framework to understand quantum statistical mechanics. Only recently has the attention been paid to so-called full ETH, which accounts for higher-order…

统计力学 · 物理学 2025-04-10 Silvia Pappalardi , Felix Fritzsch , Tomaž Prosen

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) explains emergence of the thermodynamic equilibrium by assuming a particular structure of observable's matrix elements in the energy eigenbasis. Schematically, it postulates that off-diagonal…

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis(ETH) is a standard tool to understand the thermalization properties of an isolated quantum system. Its generalization to higher order correlations of matrix elements of local operators, dubbed the…

统计力学 · 物理学 2025-10-08 Tanay Pathak

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) has played a major role in understanding thermodynamic phenomena in closed quantum systems. However, its connection to the timescale of thermalization for open system dynamics has remained…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-03-30 Chi-Fang Chen , Fernando G. S. L. Brandão

A class of autonomous quantum heat baths satisfying the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) criteria is proposed. We show that such systems are expected to cause thermal relaxation of much smaller quantum systems coupled to one of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-08-10 O. Fialko

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) plays a major role in explaining thermalization of isolated quantum many-body systems. However, there has been no proof of the ETH in realistic systems due to the difficulty in the theoretical…

统计力学 · 物理学 2024-10-25 Yuuya Chiba , Yasushi Yoneta

The non-equilibrium dynamics of quantum many-body systems is one of the most fascinating problems in physics. Open questions range from how they relax to equilibrium to how to extract useful work from them. A critical point lies in…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-05-23 J. Mur-Petit , A. Relaño , R. A. Molina , D. Jaksch

Isolated quantum systems typically approach thermal equilibrium as described by the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH). Going beyond this involves either higher order correlators (full thermalization) or the formation of state…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-01 Tabea Herrmann , Felix Fritzsch , Arnd Bäcker

The last decade has witnessed the remarkable progress in our understanding of thermalization in isolated quantum systems. Combining the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis with quantum measurement theory, we extend the framework of quantum…

统计力学 · 物理学 2018-10-31 Yuto Ashida , Keiji Saito , Masahito Ueda

We ask whether the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) is valid in a strong sense: in the limit of an infinite system, {\it every} eigenstate is thermal. We examine expectation values of few-body operators in highly-excited many-body…

统计力学 · 物理学 2014-11-13 Hyungwon Kim , Tatsuhiko N. Ikeda , David A. Huse

If and how an isolated quantum system thermalizes despite its unitary time evolution is a long-standing, open problem of many-body physics. The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) postulates that thermalization happens at the level…

量子气体 · 物理学 2018-11-06 Anna Posazhennikova , Mauricio Trujillo-Martinez , Johann Kroha

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) provides a fundamental mechanism for emergent statistical mechanics in isolated chaotic quantum systems, asserting that individual energy eigenstates behave as pseudorandom vectors within an…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-27 Ning Sun , Yanting Cheng

We develop a class of matrix models which implement and formalize the `eigenstate thermalization hypothesis' (ETH) and point out that in general these models must contain non-Gaussian corrections, already in order to correctly capture…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2023-01-06 Daniel Louis Jafferis , David K. Kolchmeyer , Baur Mukhametzhanov , Julian Sonner

We investigate the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) for a translationally invariant quantum spin system on the $d$-dimensional cubic lattice under the periodic boundary conditions. It is known that the ETH holds in this model for…

统计力学 · 物理学 2016-10-03 Takashi Mori

A plausible mechanism of thermalization in isolated quantum systems is based on the strong version of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), which states that all the energy eigenstates in the microcanonical energy shell have…

统计力学 · 物理学 2018-05-23 Toru Yoshizawa , Eiki Iyoda , Takahiro Sagawa