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Metabolism and evolution are closely connected: if a mutation incurs extra energetic costs for an organism, there is a baseline selective disadvantage that may or may not be compensated for by other adaptive effects. A long-standing, but to…

Self-adaptation can be realized in various ways. Rule-based approaches prescribe the adaptation to be executed if the system or environment satisfies certain conditions. They result in scalable solutions but often with merely satisfying…

This paper develops a two-dimensional structural framework for valuing credit default swaps and corporate bonds in the presence of default contagion. Modelling the values of related firms as correlated geometric Brownian motions with…

The feature space (including both input and output variables) characterises a data mining problem. In predictive (supervised) problems, the quality and availability of features determines the predictability of the dependent variable, and…

We present an approach to the solution of decision problems formulated as influence diagrams. This approach involves a special triangulation of the underlying graph, the construction of a junction tree with special properties, and a message…

Graph processing is used extensively in areas from social networking mining to web indexing. We demonstrate that the performance and dependability of such applications critically hinges on the graph data structure used, because a fixed,…

A novel experimental approach of inter- and intramodel comparisons is conducted with five power market models to give recommendations for modelers working on decarbonization pathways of Europe until 2050. The experiments investigate the…

Machine learning methods are emerging as a universal paradigm for constructing correlative structure-property relationships in materials science based on multimodal characterization. However, this necessitates development of methods for…

Solvent-based techniques usually involve preparing dilute blends of electron-donor and electron-acceptor materials dissolved in a volatile solvent. After some form of coating onto a substrate, the solvent evaporates. An initially…

We consider the one-factor model of commodities for which the parameters of the model depend upon the stock price or on the time. For that model we study the existence of group-invariant transformations. When the parameters are constant,…

This article proposes a spatial dynamic structural equation model for the analysis of housing prices at the State level in the USA. The study contributes to the existing literature by extending the use of dynamic factor models to the…

This paper explores the problem of tool substitution, namely, identifying substitute tools for performing a task from a given set of candidate tools. We introduce a novel approach to tool substitution, that unlike prior work in the area,…

Users increasingly face multiple interface features on one hand, and constraints on available resources (e.g., time, attention) on the other. Understanding the sensitivity of users' well-being to feature type and resource constraints, is…

A method for increasing the accuracy of configuration interaction (CI) calculations of molecules and other electronic systems is proposed. The energy defect of a given calculation is associated with the electron pair origin of…

One of the consequences of persistent technological change is that it force individuals to make decisions under extreme uncertainty. This means that traditional decision-making frameworks cannot be applied. To address this issue we…

Musicians produce individualized, expressive performances by manipulating parameters such as dynamics, tempo and articulation. This manipulation of expressive parameters is informed by elements of score information such as pitch, meter, and…

This paper proposes a novel graphical model, termed the spatial dependence graph model, which captures the global dependence structure of different events that occur randomly in space. In the spatial dependence graph model, the edge set is…

The aim of this article is to propose a core game theory model of transaction costs wherein it is indicated how direct costs determine the probability of loss and subsequent transaction costs. The existence of optimum is proven, and the way…

In this paper we develop a tractable structural model with analytical default probabilities depending on some dynamics parameters, and we show how to calibrate the model using a chosen number of Credit Default Swap (CDS) market quotes. We…

Despite the importance of a thermodynamically stable structure with a conserved fold for protein function, almost all evolutionary models neglect site-site correlations that arise from physical interactions between neighboring amino acid…